Vocab. 1

Question 1

Hypothesis

Answer 1

A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited or limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Question 2

Constant Variable

Answer 2

A constant variable is one whose value cannot be updated or altered anywhere in your program. A constant variable must be initialized at its declaration.

Question 3

Excretory System

Answer 3

Excretory systems regulate the chemical composition of body fluids by removing metabolic wastes and retaining the proper amounts of water, salts, and nutrient. Components of this system in vertebrates include the kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin.

Question 4

Circulatory System

Answer 4

The circulatory system (cardiovascular system) pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen. The hear then sends oxygenated blood through arteries to the rest of the body. The veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart to start the circulation process over.

Question 5

Respiratory System

Answer 5

The respiratory system is the network of the organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways. Lungs and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.

Question 6

Cell

Answer 6

The smallest unit of an organism that can carry out the basic functions of like.

Question 7

Organ System

Answer 7

The 11 organ systems include the respiratory system, digestive and excretory system, circulatory system, urinary system, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, endocrine system, lymphatic system, nervous system, and reproductive system.

Question 8

Carbohydrates

Answer 8

One of the three basic food types. May be in the form of starch, sugar, or fiber. Found in cereals, breads, and vegetables.

Question 9

Sugar

Answer 9

A sweet crystalline substance obtained from various plants, especially sugar cane and sugar beet, consisting essentially of sucrose, and used as a sweetener in food and drinks.

Question 10

Independent Variable

Answer 10

A variable (often denoted by x) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

Question 11

Digestive System

Answer 11

The digestive system includes the mouths, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, and anus. It also includes the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, which make digestive juices and enzymes that help the body digest food and liquids.

Question 12

Endocrine System

Answer 12

The endocrine system, made up of all the body’s different hormones, regulates all biological process in the body from concept through adulthood and into old age, including the development of the brain and nervous system, the growth and function of the reproductive system, as well as the metabolism and blood sugar.

Question 13

Integumentary System

Answer 13

The integumentary system is the largest organ of the body that forms a physical barrier between the external environment and the internal environment that it serves to protect and maintain. The integumentary system includes the epidermis, dermis, hypodermics, associated glands, hair, and nails.

Question 14

Reproductive System

Answer 14

The tissues, glands and organs involved in producing offspring.

Question 15

Tissue

Answer 15

A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function. The function of muscle tissue, for example, is to contract.

Question 16

Accessory System

Answer 16

Accessory organs of digestion are organs that secrete substances needed for the chemical digestion of food, but through which food does not actually pass as it is digested. The accessory organs include the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Question 17

Benedict’s Solution

Answer 17

Benedict’s reagent, also known as Benedict’s solution, is a chemical reagent which is made up of a complex mixture of sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, and the pentahydrate of copper sulfate.

Question 18

Starch

Answer 18

An odorless, tasteless white substance occurring widely in plant tissue and obtained chiefly from cereals and potatoes. It is a polysaccharide which functions as a carbohydrate store and is an important constituent of the human diet.

Question 19

Dependent Variable

Answer 19

A variable (often denoted by y) whose value depends on that of another.

Question 20

Muscular System

Answer 20

The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction.

Question 21

Lymphatic/Immune System

Answer 21

The lymphatic system is important for the optimal functioning of our general and specific immune responses. The lymph nodes monitor the lymph flowing into them and produce cells and antibodies which protect our body from infection and disease.

Question 22

Nervous System

Answer 22

The nervous system has two main parts: the central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.

Question 23

Organ

Answer 23

A part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.

Question 24

Sphincter

Answer 24

A ring of muscle surrounding and serving to guard or close an opening or a tube, such as the anus or the openings of the stomach.

Question 25

Lugol’s Solution

Answer 25

It is used along with antithydroid medicines to prepare the thyroid gland for surgical removal and to treat certain overactive thyroid conditions (hyperthyroidism, thyroid storm). It works by shrinking the size of the thyroid gland and by decreasing the amount of thyroid hormones the body makes.