VN125 Clinical FON Chp 23 Med Admin Flashcards
Key Terms
Medication administration
Adverse drug reaction- a harmful unintended reaction to a drug administered at a normal dosage.
Agonist- a drug that produces a predictable response at the intended site of action.
Anaphylactic shock- severe, life threatening hypersensitivity reaction.
Antagonist- a drug that will block the action of another drug.
Body surface area- total area exposed to the outside environment.
Buccal- admin between the cheek and the teeth or cheek and gums.
Compatibility- drugs that are acceptable to give with one another in the same syringe or intravenous infusion.
Drip factor- specific flow rates based on the size of drops of the solution.
Drug interaction- when one drug alters the action of another drug.
Enteral- drugs adminstered into the GI tract.
Enteric coated- candylike coated shell encases tablet to keep it from being absorbed in the stomach.
Gauge- diameter of the lumen.
Graduated- medicine cup with amount markings.
Idiosyncratic- an individuals unique hypersensitivity to a particular drug.
Intermittent venous access device- IV infusion device (heparin or saline lock)
Key Terms
Medication administration
Lumen- inside hollow shaft of the needle.
Meniscus- dosage amount line on cup
Metabolite- a substance produced by metabolic action, which results in the breakdown of the drug.
Milliequivalent- concentration of electrolytes in a certain volume of solution.
Parenteral- routes that bypass the GI tract.
Patient controlled analgesia (PCA)- drug delivery that is controlled by the patient.
Percutaneous- drugs adminstered the the skin or mucous membranes.
Pharmacology- the study of drugs and their action on the living body.
Potentiation- when one drug increases the action or the effect of another drug.
Pulverize- crush to a powder.
Souffle cup- ungraduated disposable paper cup.
Sublingual- the area beneath the tongue.
Therapeutic- beneficial dosages of drugs.
Tolerance- a reduced repsone to a drug over time.
Topical applications- applied to the skin.
Factors that affect patients resonse to medication
Age- very young and very old people react more acutely to drugs than others
Weight- Overweight people often require higher dosages than those of average weight. Underweight require lower doses.
Physical health- People in poor physical health do not tolerate average doses as well as those in good health. Diseases alter dosage requirements, particularly renal, hepatic, cardiovascular and GI dysfunctions.
Psychological status- Stress, emotional conflict anxiety and fear have the capacity to alter the resonse to drug therapy. Your actions, attitudes and skills will affect the patients response to drug therapy.
Environmental temperature- Heat will somtimes increase the rate at which the body metabolizes a drug, as cold will decrease it.
Gender- Because some drugs are fat soluble women with high body fat % tend to accumulate fat soluble drugs in their bodies.
Amount of food in the stomach- Drugs taken on an empty stomach reach the blood stream faster. Irritating drugs are given after or with meals so that they will not irritate the GI tract.
Dosage forms- Dosage forms influence the onset intensity and duration of a drug.
Terms used with medication orders
Stat- Immediatly; number one priority, given before any other type of order. One time only dose.
Now- Given now; number 2 priority. Cancel after admin.
ASAP- as soon as possible; #3 priority. Cancel after admin.
prn- Give as necessary; the patient is permitted to request prn meds; or you will sometimes offer prn meds. Order specifies definite time interval between permitted repeat admins.
Physical orders (rights to med orders)
Right medication Right dose Right # & Form Right route Right Frequency, duration, parameters and indication.
Important considerations
Never lease med with pt. or family. Watch pt. take and swallow.
Always return to assess the pts. response
Chart ASAP after giving medication
If pt. refuses, offer 3 three times and document “Refused because of….” and report to Dr.
If you omit a dose based on your nursing judgment, let another nurse help you with the decision. If med is not given document “Dose omitted because…..” and report to Dr.
