Vn 15 Study Guide 2 Flashcards
What are the four types of incontinence ?
Stress- the loss os small amounts of urine when intra- abdominal pressure arises.
Urge- Need to void perceived frequency with short lived ability to sustain control of the flow.
Reflex- spontaneous loss of urine When the bladder is stretched with urine but without prior perception of a need to void.
Functional- Control over urination loSe because of an accessibility Of a toilet or compromised ability to use one.
What is the purpose of a guaiac test?
A test that checks for occult (hidden) blood in the stool.
What would the VN instruct the client to avoid prior to taking an at home FOBT?
Stop taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
For 7 days, Avoid taking more than 250 mg of vitamin C or consuming citrus fruits or juices for 3 days before beginning the test. Eat high-fiber diet containing whole grains; cook vegetables and fruits well. Refrain from eating red meat for 3 days before testing; poultry and fish are allowed. Do not eat raw turnips, radishes, broccoli, beets, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, or mushrooms for 2 to 3 days before the test.
What are manifestations of a UTI?
Burning sensation to urinate, dribbling of urine, frequency of urination
List instructions to collect a 24-hour urine specimen
Have the client void and discard the first urine, then start the collection and continue for 24 hours.
Define: dysuria; urgency; nocturia, and oliguria.
Dysuria is difficult or uncomfortable voiding and a common symptom of trauma to the urethra or a bladder infection.
Oliguria, urine output less than 400 mL in 24 hours, indicates the inadequate elimination of urine.
Nocturia (nighttime urination) is unusual because the rate of urine production is normally reduced at night.
Urgency, (a strong feeling that urine must be eliminated quickly) often accompany dysuria.
Give an example of a good fluid balance when assessing I&Os.
Out put-Normal urine amount: 500 to 3,000 mL/day . Input- 2 liters a day.
What are diagnostic findings in a UTI?
white blood cells Leukocytes and blood.
List manifestations of dehydration
urine-amber color and with a strong odor Skin- dry skin Poor skin turgor BP- hypotension Pulse: rapid Neck- are the veins flat or distended?
What is the priority when caring for a child with severe diarrhea?
To prevent dehydration
Why does the nurse recommend against straining with defecation? What can it cause?
It can cause hemorrhoids and anal fissures as well as syncope, bradycardia and hypotension.
What causes constipation?
Inadequate fluid intake
advanced age
frequent use of laxatives
inadequate fiber intake.
What nursing intervention should be done when a client experiences cramping during the instillation of an enema?
Slow the flow of the solution by lowering the container if the client reports cramping or
if fluid leaks around tube at the anus.
What is a normal BP reading?
Perfect blood pressure 120/80
Prehypertension? 120-139/ 80-89
State 1- 130-139/80-90
Stage 2- 140/90 or greater
How does the nurse assess the apical pulse?
Assess the apical heart rate to the left of the sternum at the interspace below the fifth rib in midline with the clavicle.
