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Champagne & Sparkling Wines > Viticulture, Climate & Regions In Champagne > Flashcards

Viticulture, Climate & Regions In Champagne Flashcards

0
Q

What are the four pruning methods allowed in Champagne?

A

Cordon de Royat, Chablis, Vallée de la Marne, and Guyot

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1
Q

What are the three principal grapes authorized for the production of Champagne?

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and the black grape Pinot Meunier

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3
Q

What are the four pruning methods allowed in Champagne?

A

Cordon de Royat, Chablis, Vallée de la Marne, and Guyot (double and simple)

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3
Q

What is the average vine age in Champagne–as the lowered productivity of old vines is undesirable to most houses in Champagne?

A

20 years

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4
Q

What is the CIVC must limit —a marc of grapes, the amount held in a traditional Coquard basket press.

A

extraction is limited to 102 liters from 160 kg of grapes, or 2,550 liters from 4,000 kg

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5
Q

Where are most of the major commercial houses of Champagne located?

A

In the city of Reims and the smaller towns of Épernay and Aÿ

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6
Q

How many villages are authorized to grow grapes for Champagne?

A

357

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7
Q

What are the five districts of Champagne?

A 
Montagne de Reims (Pinot)
Vallée de la Marne (Pinot Meunier) frost prone
Côte des Blancs (Chardonnay)
Côte de Sézanne (Chardonnay)
Côte des Bars (the Aube) (Pinot)
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8
Q

True or False: Cru status is awarded to entire villages in Champagne, rather than individual vineyards or properties.

A

True

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9
Q

What are two wine appellations that are still wine producing appellations within the region of Champagne. _______covers still red, white, and rosé wines from the entire appellation; ______ is reserved for 100% Pinot Noir rosé wines produced in Les Riceys, a cru village in the Aube.

A

Coteaux Champenois; Rosé de Riceys

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10
Q

This soil is known for absorbing heat to protect the vines at night and providing excellent drainage in the wet climate. It is derived from the fossilized remains of millions of extinct cephalopods, has a high limestone content, which allows vine roots to dig deeply and is linked to increased acidity.

A

Belemnite chalk

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11
Q

A second layer of what soil is named for an extinct sea urchin, characterizes the valley vineyards.

A

Micraster chalk

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12
Q

Renowned for its huge network of cellars carved out of the chalk and limestone subsoil, which provides a perfect natural storage environment of what temperature for millions of bottles?

A

53-54° F

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13
Q

In the Aube, which is to the south, what is the dominant soil type?

A

Clay

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14
Q

In select areas, what four other grapes are authorized for Champagne AOP production, but are rarely encountered

A

Pinot Blanc Vrai (“true” Pinot Blanc, a white form of Pinot Noir), Arbane, Pinot Gris, and Petit Meslier

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15
Q

What is the prominent grape in both Montagne de Reims and the Aube?

A

Pinot Noir

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16
Q

What is the dominant grape in the Côte de Sézanne and almost exclusively planted, as its name indicates, on the southeast- and east-facing slopes of the Côte des Blancs

A

Chardonnay

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17
Q

This grape is heavily cultivated in the sheltered vineyards of the frost-prone Vallée de la Marne, where its tendency to bud late and ripen early is prized by growers.

A

Meunier

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18
Q

The vineyards of the Montagne de Reims are, surprisingly, divided between ___- and ____-facing slopes. The plain beneath the northern Montagne de Reims is too cold for viticulture,

A

south- and north

19
Q

What status is awarded to entire villages in Champagne, rather than individual vineyards or properties. However, the areas authorized for cultivation within each commune are strictly defined.

A

Cru status

20
Q

How many villages have grand cru status and how many are classified as premier cru according to their rankings in the Échelle de Crus?

A

17 villages have grand cru status and 42 are classified as premier cru

21
Q

In France, what are the seven AOP regions for crémant wines produced by the traditional method? The limit on pressing is less strict (100 liters from 150 kg, or 2,666 liters from 4,000 kg).

A

Crémant de Bordeaux, Crémant de Bourgogne, Crémant de Loire, Crémant de Limoux, Crémant de Die, Crémant du Jura, and Crémant d’Alsace

22
Q

What are the other 5 appellations in France producing traditional method sparkling wines?

A

Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire, and Saumur in the Loire; and Vin de Savoie and Seyssel in Savoie

23
Q

Blanquette de Limoux AOP wines from the Languedoc region are also produced by the traditional method, from a minimum of what 3 grapes?

A

90% Mauzac, Chardonnay, and Chenin Blanc

24
Q

What grapes are in the encépagement of Crémant de Bordeaux AOP sparkling mousseux vin blanc and rose?

A

Département: Gironde
Styles and Encépagement:
Vin Mousseux Blanc:
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenère, Muscadelle, Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris
Accessory Varieties: Max. 30% combined Colombard, Merlot Blanc, and Ugni Blanc
Vin Mousseux Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenère

25
Q

What grapes are in the encépagement of Crémant de Bourgogne AOP sparkling mousseux vin blanc and rose?

A

Département: Yonne, Côte d’Or, Saône-et-Loire, Rhône
Styles and Encépagement:Vin Mousseux Blanc/Vin Mousseux Rosé
Encépagement: Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Aligoté, Melon de Bourgogne, Sacy, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Gamay
Assemblage: Min. 30% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Noir; max. 20% Gamay

26
Q

Name the prominent grapes for Crémant de Loire AOP mousseux?

A

Département: Indre-et-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, Vienne, Deux-Sèvres, Loir-et-Cher
Styles: Vin Mousseux Blanc: Vin Mousseux Rosé
Crémant de Loire wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire”
Encépagement: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis

27
Q

Name the prominent grapes in Crémant de Limoux AOP mousseux?

A

Département: Aude
Size: 482 ha
Styles and Encépagement:Vin Mousseux Blanc/Vin Mousseux Rosé
Encépagement: Max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min. 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max. 15%)

28
Q

What are the prominent grapes in Crémant de Die AOP mousseux?

A

Département: Drôme
Communes of Production: Aix-en-Diois, Aouste-sur-Sye, Aubenasson, Aurel, Barnave, Barsac, Beaufort-sur-Gervanne, Châtillon-en-Diois, Die, Espenel, Laval-d’Aix, Luc-en-Diois, Menglon, Mirabel-et-Blacons, Molières-Glandaz, Montclar-sur-Gervanne, Montlaur-en-Diois, Montmaur-en-Diois, Piégros-la-Clastre, Ponet-et-Saint-Auban, Pontaix, Poyols, Recoubeau-Jansac, Saillans, Saint-Benoit-en-Diois, Saint-Roman, Saint-Sauveur-en-Diois, Sainte-Croix, Suze, Vercheny, Véronne
Styles: Vin Mousseux Blanc
Encépagement:
Blanc: Min. 55% Clairette, min. 10% Aligoté, 5-10% Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
Assemblage: The proportion of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains cannot exceed 10% of the blend.

29
Q

List the prominent grapes for mousseux of Crémant du Jura AOP?

A

Département: Jura
Styles:Vin Mousseux Blanc/Vin Mousseux Rosé
Encépagement: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Poulsard, Trousseau, Chardonnay, Savagnin
Assemblage:
Vin Mousseux Blanc: Min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Trousseau
Vin Mousseux Rosé: Min. 50% combined Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Trousseau, and Poulsard

30
Q

List the prominent grapes of sparkling Crémant d’Alsace AOP?

A

Département: Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Auxerrois, and/or Chardonnay
Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
Additional Requirements:Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation
The wines must spend a min. 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement (12 months total aging, with at least 9 months on the lees, is required from the 2012 vintage forward.)
Min. 4 atmospheres of pressure

31
Q

Give the main grapes of Vouvray AOP Sparkling?
Sparkling Wine Requirements for Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation-Wines may not be released until 12 months after the date of tirage.

A

Département: Indre-et-Loire
Communes of Production: Chançay, Noizay Parçay-Meslay, Reugny, Rochecorbon, Tours, Vernou-sur-Brenne, Vouvray
Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: min 95% Chenin Blanc, plus a max. 5% Orbois
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
Vouvray wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
Assemblage: Chenin Blanc must comprise the majority of the blend.

32
Q

What are the main grapes used for sparkling Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP?

A

Styles and Encépagement:
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
Montlouis-sur-Loire wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

33
Q

Sparkling grapes permitted for Saumur AOP in the Loire?

A

Département: Maine-et-Loire, Deux-Sèvres, Vienne
Styles and Encépagement: Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis
Saumur “Puy Notre-Dame”: Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Cabernet Sauvignon
Vin Mousseux Blanc: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
Vin Mousseux Rosé: As for Vin Mousseux Blanc
Saumur Blanc wines may include a max. 20% combined Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc until the 2016 harvest
All Saumur wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
Assemblage:
Rouge and “Puy Notre-Dame”: per encépagement
Vin Mousseux Blanc: Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Vin Mousseux Rosé: Min. 60% Cabernet Franc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc

34
Q

Grapes permitted for Vin de Savoie AOP sparkling?

A

Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Blanc: Aligoté, Altesse, Chardonnay, Gamay, Jacquère, Mondeuse Blanc, Mondeuse, Pinot Noir and Velteliner Rouge; plus Chasselas, Gringet, Molette and Roussette d’Ayze (Haute-Savoie département); OR a max. 10% combined Marsanne and Verdesse (Isère département)
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Rosé: As for Vin Mousseux Blanc
*As of the 2014 harvest Vin Mousseux may be labeled as “crémant.”

35
Q

Sparkling mousseu grapes permitted in Seyssel AOP in Savoie?

A

Vin Mousseux Blanc: Min. 10% Altesse, plus Chasselas and Molette
Assemblage: Vin Mousseux wines must include a min. 10% Altesse in the blend.
Vin Mousseux Requirements:Second fermentation occurs in the bottle
Min. 9 months lees aging in the bottle

36
Q

What is the most southerly region in Champagne?

A

The Aube

37
Q

Champagne vineyards are best characterized by which of the following soil types?

A

Chalk

38
Q

What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?

A

Pinot Noir then Chardonnay

39
Q

Which of the following regions does not produce an AOP Crémant wine?

A

Provence

40
Q

Which of the following training methods is not permitted in Champagne?

A

Gobelet

41
Q

Where is the village of Ambonnay?

A

Montagne de Reims

42
Q

Rose de Riceys AOP wines are produced in which of the following regions?

A

Cote des Bars ( the Aube)

43
Q

By which method are Bugey Cerdon AOP wines produced?

A

Methode Ancestrale

44
Q

Several of the following grapes are approved, but rarely encountered in Champagne. Name all approved varietals.

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Meunier, (Pinot Blanc Vrai-True Pinot Blanc), Pinot Gris, Petit Meslier, Arbane

45
Q

Belemnite and ______, named for fossilized sea urchins, are the two main types of chalk soils in Champagne.

A

Micraster chalk

46
Q

Mareuil-sur-Aÿ and______are the only two premier cru villages rated 99% in the echelle de crus?

A

Tauxieres

Champagne & Sparkling Wines (5 decks)

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