Viticulture and enology

Question 1

Name three non-vinifera species of grapes

Answer 1

Labrusca, riparia, rupestris

Question 2

Rulander (Germany) is more commonly known as what elsewhere?

Answer 2

Pinot gris

Question 3

Name three common white varieties grown in Greece

Answer 3

Assyrtiko, Moscofilero, Rhoditis

Question 4

Name four main white Portuguese varieties

Answer 4

Alvarinho, Arinto, Fernão Peres, Loureiro

Question 5

Name seven common Spanish white varieties

Answer 5

Albarino, godello, macabeo/viura, palamino, parrellada, Pedro Ximenez, verdejo

Question 6

What is tenturier

Answer 6

A grape with red flesh like Alicante Bouschet

Question 7

Name three red grapes grown in Germany and Austria (not pinot noir)

Answer 7

Blauer portugeiser, blaufrankisch, Zweigelt

Question 8

Name three key Greek red varieties

Answer 8

Agiorgitiko, Mavrodpahne, Xinomavro

Question 9

Name two key Portuguese red grapes other than Tinto Roriz

Answer 9

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca

Question 10

Significant red grape grown in Chile

Answer 10

Carmenere

Question 11

Significant white grape grown in Argentina

Answer 11

Torrontes

Question 12

Consensus on how many years before new vines are ready to produce optimal fruit

Answer 12

6 years

Question 13

How long after bud break before flowering occurs

Answer 13

40-50 days

Question 14

How long after veraison does harvest usually occur?

Answer 14

1.5-2 months

Question 15

What is phenolic maturity?

Answer 15

Desired levels and character of phenolic compounds. including tannins, that influence color, flavor and aromas

Question 16

What temperature range is necessary for photosynthesis to occur

Answer 16

50-95° with 70-80° optimal

Question 17

What are the four terms used to designate increasingly specific weather conditions within a grape growing area?

Answer 17

Macroclimate: region
Mesoclimate: entire vineyard
Microclimate: specific rows within a vineyard
Canopy microclimate: designated vines

Question 18

Required rainfall for vine health/productivity

Answer 18

20-30”

Question 19

What impact does proximity to bodies of water have on vine growth?

Answer 19

Moderating influence. Water heats/cools more slowly than soil, less temperature variation, not as hot, more humidity

Question 20

Four main climate types

Answer 20

Maritime: near ocean, high rainfall, mild
Continental: inland, hotter in summer, colder in winter Mediterranean: warm dry summer, mild wet winter
Marginal: short growing season

Question 21

Term for noble rot in German

Answer 21

Edelfaulle

Question 22

What are nematodes

Answer 22

Microscopic roundworms that feed on roots, bigger risk with shallow roots or drip irrigation

Question 23

4 techniques for canopy management

Answer 23

Shoot thinning, shoot positioning, leaf removal, crop thinning

Question 24

Formula for converting BRIX to alcohol (US)

Answer 24

Multiply by .55/55%

Question 25

Name of formula for determining potential alcohol in France

Answer 25

Baume (potential alcohol in 100ml of wine)
12° Baume in fresh juice = 12% alcohol

Question 26

Name of formula for determining potential alcohol in Germany

Answer 26

Oeschsle (based on density of must)

Question 27

Who sets rules for organic practices in the US

Answer 27

National Organic Program (NOP), part of Dept. of Agriculture

Question 28

How long before a producer’s product can be labeled organic?

Answer 28

Three years

Question 29

Describe IPM

Answer 29

Integrated Pest Management: consider each pest separately; attack life cycle with minimally invasive solution

Question 30

Method of farming with no set rules but net benefit in mind similar to organic agriculture

Answer 30

Sustainable farming

Question 31

Average length of growing season

Answer 31

140-160 days/boundaries 110-200