Viticulture Flashcards
1
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of monocultures
A
Advantages:
- Mechanisation
- Competition - none from other plants
- Needs of specific grape - tended to. Maximise yields, minimise costs.
Disadvantages:
- More disease prone (treatments/protection)
- Natural ecosystem - none there to replenish nutrients (fertilizers needed)
- Environmental damage - from residual chemicals in air/ground
2
Q
Disadvantages of pesticides and mineral fertilizers
A
- Harmful to soil quality
- Expensive
- Bad for environment and health
- Less consumer, grower desirability
- Legislation
3
Q
Characteristics of Conventional viticultrue
A
- Mechanisation
- Chemical inputs
- Irrigation
- Clonal selection
- Intensive fruit farming with monocultures
- Reduce labour, raise production.
4
Q
Lutte Raisonee
A
- Integrated Pest Management
- Set thresholds for action (i.e pest population)
- Identify pests and monitor
- Preventative measures (boost vines own defense mechanisims)
- If thresholds exceeded and preventative failed - examine alternate control options
5
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of sustainable viticulture
A
- Advantages
- More attention to economic, social, commercial impact
- Reduction in treatments (also cost saving)
- Scientific approach to minimise intervention
- Disadvantages:
- Not a protected term
- Where high uptake, nationwide standards too low (New Zealand)
6
Q
Most effective use of precision viticulture
A
To control treatment and irrigation
7
Q
Advantages and disadvantages of precision viticulture
A
Advantages:
- Detailed understanding of variations
- tailor wide range of interventions to single blocks/rows
- improve quality
Disadvantages
- Initial cost (data collection, sensors, trained staff to interpret & intervene)
8
Q
What key things should be considered when establishing a vineyard
A
- Site selection
- Soil preparation
- Planting material
- Nutrient management
- Water management
- Canopy management
