Vitamins and minerals Flashcards
why do we need to consume vitamins
to regulate chemical reactions that allow us to extract energy from macronutrients
What are water soluble vitamins
B vitamins and vitamin C
fat soluble vitamins
ADEK
define provitamin
a substance that an organism can transform into a vitamin
give and example of a provitamin and the associated vitamin
B carotene- Vitamin A
Function of vitamin A and sources
- night/ color vision, growth, reproduction, immunity, cell differentiation
- dark green, yellow orange veggies, orange fruits, beefliver, fortified milk
compounds used to fortify milk
vitamin A and D
vitamin D is essential in the absorption of which compound
calcium
what compounds are necessary for blood clotting
vitamin K and calcium
what vitamins are susceptible to substantial reduction by heat, processing, oxygen and light?
Vit C and E
what compounds enhance iron absorption
vitamin C and E
what are the mineral categorizations
Major and Trace
because minerals are inorganic what does that mean in regards to differences in organic components
minerals are not broken down by heat, light, alkalinity, or changed during digestion
what compound does the body synthesize with the assistance of bacteria
vit K
major role of B vitamins
all function in energy producing and some in other cellular metabolism
COENZYMES
what carotenoid is most bioavailable
b carotene
which form of vit E is most bioavailable
alpha tocpherol
Define free radicals and antioxidants
- Free Radicals: highly unstable reactive compound
2. Antioxidants: interferes with damaging effects of free radicals
How does an antioxidant work
they minimize damage to your cells from free radicals by neutralizing it
what compounds can stimulate or promote free radicals
Iron and vit C
what mineral deficiency is the most widespread in the US and the condition
calcium deficiency can lead to osteoporosis
what compounds are associated with optimal immune health
Iron, Zinc, Vit A and C
