Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
This disease is a result of dietary deficiency of Vitamin C required by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases. Symptoms include bleeding gums, swelling joints, poor wound healing and death.
Scurvy
This disease is characterized by kinky hair and growth retardation. It is due to dietary deficiency in copper required by ___(enzyme) in cross-linking that strengthens ____ (protein).
Menke’s disease
Copper required by lysyl oxidase, which cross links collagen.
Enzymes requiring copper
Losers Don’t Take Copper
Lysyl oxidase
Dopamine-b-hydroxylase
Tyrosinase
Cytochrome c oxidase
Deficiency in which vitamin may occur in carcinoid syndrome
Niacin.
Shunting of niacin to serotonin synthesis
Deficiency in this mineral along with infection with a virulent strain of Coxsackie virus causes cardiomyopathy
Selenium
Disease is called Keshan disease
Which vitamin is used as a co-enzyme in:
A. Carboxylation reactions
B. Decarboxylation reactions
A. Biotin
B. Thiamine
Deficiency in this vitamin causes spinocerebellar degeneration
Vitamin E
Glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme that contains ___ at the active site
Selenocyteine (selenium analogue of cysteine)
This mineral is a component of enzymes, principally oxidases
Zinc
Excessive intake of this mineral can interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis
Calcium
This mineral is a catalyst in hemoglobin formation; essential in production of RBC and required for absorption of Fe
Copper
This vitamin is essential in the non-oxidative phase of pentose phosphate pathway. It is a co-factor for which enzymes.
Thiamine.
Transketolase
This mineral is a constituent of enzymes in CO2 exchange and CHON hydrolysis
Zinc
This vitamin is part of the fatty acid synthase enzyme complex.
Pantothenic acid
Severe burning and aching of the feet, hyperesthesia, and vasomotor changes of the feet that leads to excessive sweating. This syndrome is due to deficiency in ___
Pantothenic acid
The earliest sign of Vitamin A deficiency
Loss of sensitivity to green light
> Impairment of ability to adapt to dim light
> Night blindness
What is the relationship of Vitamin A with infection?
Vitamin A has a role in differentiation of immune cells; deficiency increases susceptibility to infections.
Retinol binding protein is also a negative acute phase protein; lowering vitamin concentration in infection
Calcitriol is able to reduce its concentration by inducing ___ (enzyme) and inhibiting ____.
Inducing 24-hydroxylase
Inhibiting 1-hydroxylase