Vitamins Flashcards
TPP Wernicke-Korsakoff Synd: alcoholics Beriberi Impaired PDC action, high blood pyruvate and a-ketoglut Weight loss, confusion, malaise BCAAs
B1 Thiamine
FAD/FMN
Malabsorption issues: usually undetected
Sore throat, swollen tongue, sores around mouth, cheilosis, chapped lips, rash around mouth
B2 Riboflavin
NAD(H)/NADP(H)
Pellagra and Hartnup
B3 Niacin
CoA
Rare, extreme starvation
Dermatitis and burning feet
B5 Pantathenic acid
ALT/AST
Sideroblastic anemia
PLP transaminase, glycogen phosphorylase
Glossitis, dermatitis, microcytic anemia
B6 Pyridoxine
ACC, PC, PCC, MCC- one carbon transfer
High consumption raw eggs
Dermatitis (eyes, nose, mouth), conjuctivities, alopecia, hallucinations
Multiple Carboxylase deficiency (MCD)
B7 Biotin
In alcoholics and pregnancy–> spina bifida
Macrocytic Megablastic Anemia
One carbon transfers (methylation)
Causes: methotrexate (DF reductase) and sulfa drugs (target enzyme that converts PABA to this vit)
B9 Folic Acid
Homocysteine, methylmalonyl-CoA (homocysteine to MET)
From pernicious anemia, chronic pancreatitis, remove terminal ileum (Crohn’s)
Fatigue, tongue inflammation, numbness
Megaloblastic anemia
B12 Cobalamin
Fx: vision and epithelial maintenance
Preformed: retinol (liver), retinoic acid, retinal, retynyl esters
Sx: extreme malnutrition, nigh blindness, xerophthalmia (no tears), teratogenic in pregnancy (acne meds)
Vit A
essential
Rickets
Steatorrhea, fat malabsorption, low sunlight
Tx: vit D3 + Ca2+ citrate
Vit D Calcitriol
D3>D2
(essential)
Antioxidant; normal development
Fat malabsorption, vision, feet numbing
(Crohn’s CF, AVED)
a-tocopherol
Vit E
essential
g-carboxylation: prothrombin; clotting factors
Bleeding issues, bruising, osteoporosis, interacts w/blood thinners (warfarin)
Vit K
essential
Scurvy
-collagen, antioxidant, high iron absorption in GI, dopamine—> norepin, PGs)
Vit C Ascorbic Acid
