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BIOMOLECULES LEC (QUALITATIVE) > VITAMINS > Flashcards

VITAMINS Flashcards

1
Q

In thiamine metabolic function, what enzyme is transformed to acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), producing dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and carbon dioxide?

  • Transketolase
  • Branched-chain keto-acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC)
  • Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH)
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)
A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)

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2
Q

Thiamine is primarily excreted through the _________. As a water soluble vitamin, it readily dissolves in the water and is transported in various parts of the body without being stored.
* Urine
* Sweat
* Water Intake
* Liquid Intake

A

Urine

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3
Q

In what form does B1 (thiamine) need to be converted in order to effectively cofactor in various metabolic processes?
* Basic form (thiamine)
* Thiamine pyrophosphate
* Secondary form
*

A

Thiamine pyrophosphate

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4
Q

Which of the following is a function of riboflavin (Vitamin B2)?

  • Regulation of calcium absorption
  • Energy metabolism
  • Blood clotting
  • Vision maintenance
A

Energy metabolism

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5
Q
  1. What are the two major coenzymes of Riboflavin?
    * FED & FMN
    * FAD & FNN
    * FAD & FMN
    * FED & FNM
A
  • FAD & FNN
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6
Q
  1. What is Riboflavin known for?
    * Metabolize glucose to form energy—and supports the production of healthy red blood cells.
    * Nutrient your body needs to form blood vessels, cartilage, muscle and collagen in bones. Vitamin C is also vital to your body’s healing process.
    * Important for typical growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improved resistance to certain diseases.
    *
A

Metabolize glucose to form energy—and supports the production of healthy red blood cells.

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7
Q

These are the metabolic functions of pyrimidine nucleotides except _____ ?
* Energy production
* Redox reactions
* Photosynthesis
* Survival/death

A
  • Photosynthesis
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8
Q

Nicotinic acid also known as Niacin or ______ ?
Vitamin C
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B3

A

Vitamin B3

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9
Q

How do conjugative pathways differ to
non-conjugative pathways ______ ?
* Low affinity, low capacity
* Low affinity, high capacity
* High affinity, high capacity
* High affinity, low capacity
*

A

Low affinity, high capacity

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10
Q

Which of the following is a primary function of pantothenic acid?
a Regulation of blood sugar levels
b. Oxidation of fatty acids
c. Production of red blood cells d. Maintenance of bone density

A

b. Oxidation of fatty acids

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11
Q
  1. What role does coenzyme A plays in cellular metabolism
    a. Transport of electrons during phosphorylation
    b. Gene expression regulation
    c. Facilitation of fatty acids synthesis
    d. Maintenance of cell membrane
A

c. Facilitation of fatty acids synthesis

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12
Q
  1. Non-protein organic compound that binds with the reactions is Called?
    a. Vitamin B5
    b. Lipids
    c. Pantothenic
    d. Coenzyme A
A

d. Coenzyme A

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13
Q

All of the statements are True about Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Coenzyme) EXCEPT:

a) Vitamin B6 is active in its coenzyme form of pyridoxal phosphate.

b) Involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and breakdown of amino acids.

c) PLP is synthesized by pyridoxal kinase, utilizing ATP.

d) Pyridoxine is a water insoluble vitamin.

A

d) Pyridoxine is a water insoluble vitamin.

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14
Q

True or False: Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) deficiency increases the risk of
inflammatory cytokines secretion.

A

True

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15
Q

The following are some of the positive impacts of vitamin B6 in our body EXCEPT.

A. It helps to stabilize our mood.
B. Can increase alertness
C. Can help to maintain blood pressure
D. Can increase the feeling of happiness
E. None of the above

A

E. None of the above

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16
Q

Biotin is commonly known as:

Vitamin B5
Vitamin B7
Vitamin B1

A

Vitamin B7

17
Q

Biotin is essential for the conversion of which amino acid into succinyl-CoA?
* Methionine
* Leucine
* Valine
* Lysine
*

A

Lysine

18
Q

What B Vitamin is associated with carboxylation reactions in the body?
* Biocytin
* Biotin
* Pantothenic acid
* Niacin (B3)

A

Biotin

19
Q

What is the effect of not having enough ALA in glucose regulation?

a. It will result in hypoglycemia
b. It will result in hyperglycemia
c. It will result in liver problems
d. It will manifest a deficiency in COQ10

A

b. It will result in hyperglycemia

20
Q

How does lipoic acid contribute to metabolism?

a. Lipoic acid enhances the breakdown of lipids, aiding in fat metabolism.
b. Lipoic acid facilitates the synthesis of amino acids, supporting protein metabolism.
c. Lipoic acid acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in energy production pathways like the citric acid cycle.
d. Lipoic acid promotes the absorption of vitamins and minerals, optimizing metabolic processes. .

A

Lipoic acid acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in energy production pathways like the citric acid cycle

21
Q

Which of the following best describes the structural characteristic of lipoic acid?

a) Lipoic acid contains two thiol (sulfhydryl) groups, allowing it to act as a potent antioxidant.

b) Lipoic acid has a cyclic structure with a flexible carbon chain, enabling it to bind with various enzymes in metabolic pathways.

c) Lipoic acid possesses a carboxylic acid group and a dithiolane ring structure, contributing to its role as a cofactor in enzyme reactions.

d) Lipoic acid exhibits a branched aliphatic chain with multiple hydroxyl groups, facilitating its solubility in both water and lipid environments.

A

c) Lipoic acid possesses a carboxylic acid group and a dithiolane ring structure, contributing to its role as a cofactor in enzyme reactions.

22
Q

What is the chemical structure of Vitamin B9? (B)

A. C18H18N705
B. C19H19N706
C. C20H20N704
D. C21H21N706

A

B. C19H19N706

23
Q

What vitamin is water-soluble that is a derivative of Vitamin B9?

A.5,10-METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE
B. DIHYDROFOLIC ACID
C. TETRAHYDROFOLATE
D. 5-METHYLTETRAHYDROFOLATE

A

C. TETRAHYDROFOLATE

24
Q

What is the primary function of folic acid and its coenzymes in the body?
A. Muscle building
B. DNA synthesis and repair
C.Nerve signaling
D. Blood clotting

A

DNA synthesis and repair

25
Q

Does the body naturally produce vitamin b12?
a. Yes, the body can naturally produce vitamin b12
b. No, vitamin b12 can only be synthesized by external factors such as nutritional supplements, consumables, etc
c. None of the above
d. All of the above

A

b. No, vitamin b12 can only be synthesized by external factors such as nutritional supplements, consumables, etc

26
Q

What are the 2 coenzymes of Vitamin B12?
* Methylcobalamin and Adenosylcobalamin
* Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B9
* Mutase and lipase

A

Methylcobalamin and Adenosylcobalamin

27
Q

How does Adenosylcobalamin become useful in metabolism?
A. It converts methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA
B. It undergoes methylation
c. Through the synthesis of methionine and S-adenosylcobalamin

A

It converts methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA

BIOMOLECULES LEC (QUALITATIVE) (2 decks)

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