Vitamins Flashcards
Vitamin A: Deficiency.
Night blindness, dry skin, perifollicular hyperkeratosis, xerothalmia, keratomalacia, increased morbidity and mortality in young children.
Vitamin A: Nutrient
Retinol.
Vitamin D: Nutrient.
Cholecalciferol, Ergocalciferol.
Vitamin D: Deficiency.
Rickets (sometimes with tentany), osteomalacia, and hypocalcemic tetany.
Vitamin E: Nutrient.
alpha-tocopheral, other tocopherols, tocotrienols.
Vitamin E: Deficiency.
RBC hemolysis/fragility, neurologic deficits.
Vitamin K: Nutrient.
Phylloquinone, Menaquinone.
Vitamin K: Deficiency.
Bleeding due to deficiency of prothrombin and other factors, osteopenia.
Vitamin B1: Nutrient.
Thiamin.
Vitamin B1: Deficiency.
Beriberi (peripheral neuropathy, heart failure), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Vitamin B2: Nutrient.
Riboflavin, R-5-P (riboflavin-5’-phosphate).
Vitamin B2: Deficiency.
Cheilosis (inflammation of lips), angular stomatitis (inflammation of the lips), corneal vascularization.
Vitamin B3: Nutrient.
Niacin, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, niacinamide.
Vitamin B3: Deficiency.
Pellagra (4Ds: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia, Death), and Beefy Glossitis.
Vitamin B5: Nutrient.
Pantothenate, Dexpanthenol.
Vitamin B5: Deficiency.
Dermatitis, Enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency.
Vitamin B6: Nutrient.
Phyridoxine, pyridoxamine, converted to pyridoxal PO4.
Vitamin B6: Deficiency.
Seizures, anemia, neuropathies, seborrheic dermatitis.
Vitamin B12: Nutrient.
Cobalamins (cyano-, hydroxy-, methyl-)
Vitamin B12: Deficiency.
Megablastic anemia; neurological deficits (confusion, paresthesias, ataxia, optic neuropathy, subactue combined degeneration); glossitis.
Vitamin B9: Nutrient.
Folate, folic acid.
Vitamin B9: Deficiency.
Megablastic anemia, Neural tube birth defects, mental confusion.
Vitamin C: Nutrient.
Ascorbic Acid.
Vitamin C: Deficiency.
Scurvy (hemorrhages, bruising, anemia, loose teeth, gingivitis, bone defects), poor wound healing.
Vitamin B7: Nutrient.
Biotin.
Vitamin B7: Deficiency.
Dermatitis, enteritis. Also, deficiency caused by raw egg consumption.
Zinc: Nutrient.
Zn (-Cl, SO4, Gluconate, [oxide])
What is Kwashiorkor? And what does M.E.A.L. stand for?
Protein malnutrition. Malnutrition. Edema Anemia Liver (fatty)
What is Marasmus?
Carbohydrate malnutrition.
