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BCHM Vitamins > Vitamin names/cofactors > Flashcards

Vitamin names/cofactors Flashcards

1
Q

B1

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

Cofactor for B1 (Thiamine)

A

Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP)

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3
Q

Diseases of Thiamine

A

Beriberi

Wernicke-Korsakoff

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4
Q

Typical reaction involved with B1 (3) (thiamine)

A

Decarboxylation of alpha-keto acids,
Aldehyde transfer,
Transketolase

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5
Q

Example of reaction involving B1 (thiamine)

A

Pyruvate–>Acetyl CoA

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6
Q

B2

A

Riboflavin

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7
Q

Cofactors for B2 (riboflavin)

A

FAD and FMN

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8
Q

Diseases of B2 (riboflavin)

A

Deficiency is rare in US
See in chronic alcoholics.
Causes glossitis (Swelling of tongue), seborrhea (scaly red skin)

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9
Q

Typical reaction involving B2 (riboflavin)

A

Oxidation-reduction

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10
Q

Example of reaction involving B2 (riboflavin)

A

Succinate–>Fumarate (TCA cycle)

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11
Q

B6

A

Pyroxidine

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12
Q

Cofactor of B6 (pyridoxine)

A

Pyridoxal Phosphate (PLP)

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13
Q

Disease of B6 (pyridoxine)

A

deficiency is rare.

Causes peripheral neuropathy, microcytic anemia (Small blood vessels) and delta alanine synthesis

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14
Q

Typical reaction involving B6 (pyridoxine)

A 
Group transfer (ie glycogen transphorylase)
Transaminations
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15
Q

Example of reaction involving B6 (Pyridoxine)

A

Glutamate –> Ketoglutarate (amino acid catabolism)

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16
Q

B3

A

Niacin

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17
Q

Cofactor of B3 (niacin)

A

NAD

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18
Q

Disease associated with B3 (Niacin)

A

Pellegra–involves 3 D’s- dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis

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19
Q

Typical reaction involving B3 (niacin)

A

oxidation-reduction

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20
Q

B5

A

Pantothenic Acid

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21
Q

Cofactor of B5 (Pantothenic acid)

A

coenzyme A

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22
Q

Disease associated with B5 dificiency

A

deficiency is rare

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23
Q

Typical reaction involving B5 (pantothenic acid)

A

Acyl transfer

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24
Q

Example of reaction with B5 (acetyl CoA)

A

acetyl CoA +oxaloacetate –> Citrate (TCA cycle)

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25
Q

Example of reaction involving B3 (niacin)

A

Malate–>oxaloacetate (TCA cycle)

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26
Q

B7

A

Biotin

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27
Q

Cofactor for B7 (biotin)

A

biotin

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28
Q

Disease associated with B7 (biotin)

A

dermatitis, enteritis (inflammation of intestine)

ie raw egg consumption

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29
Q

Typical reaction with Biotin

A

carboxylation

30
Q

Example of reaction with biotin

A

pyruvate–>oxaloacetate
or
acetyl coA–>malonyl CoA

31
Q

B9

A

Folic Acid

32
Q

Cofactor of B9 (folic Acid)

A

tetrahydrofolate (THF)

33
Q

Disease associated with B9 (folic acid)

A

macrocytic megaloblastic anemia (large RBC’s)

spina bifida

34
Q

Typical reaction involving B9 (folic acid)

A

one-carbon transfer

35
Q

example of reaction with B9

A

deoxyuridylate –> Thymidylate (nucleotide biosynthesis)

36
Q

B12

A

Cobalmin

37
Q

Cofactor of b12 (cobalmin)

A

5’-Deoxyadenosyl cobalmin

38
Q

Disease associated with b12 (cobalmin)

A

macrocytic megaloblastic anemia (large RBC’s)
neuropathy
pernicious anemia (type of megaloblastic anemia)

39
Q

Typical reaction involving b12 (cobalmin)

A

methyl transfer

intramolecular rearrangement

40
Q

example of reaction involving cobalmin (b12)

A

methylmalonyl CoA–>succinyl CoA (FA metabolism)

41
Q

C

A

absorbic acid

42
Q

Disease associated with Vit C deficiency

A

Scurvy-easily bruised, poor wound healing, hemorrhaging

43
Q

Typical reaction involving Vit C

A

hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen

Dopamine hydroxylase

44
Q

Example of reaction involving Vit C

A

procollagen–>4-hydroxyprocollagen

dopamine–>NE

45
Q

Cofactor of Vit C

A

absorbic acid

46
Q

Vitamin K

A

no other name

47
Q

Cofactor of VIT K

A

vitamin KH2

48
Q

Disease associated with Vit K

A

hemorrhagic syndrome-longer clotting times

49
Q

Typical reaction involving Vit K

A

carboxylation

50
Q

Example of reaction involving Vit K

A

Glutamate–>gamma carboxy-glutamate

51
Q

Vit D

A

no other name

52
Q

Cofactor of Vit D

A

calcitriol

53
Q

Disease associated with Vit D

A

Rickets in children

osteomalacia in adults (inadequate mineralization of bone)

54
Q

Typical reaction involving Vit D

A

Control of serum Calcium with parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

55
Q

Example of reaction involving Vit D

A

Vit D acts like steroid hormone, causes changes in gene transcription

56
Q

Cu2+

A

Copper

57
Q

Cofactor of Copper

A

Copper

58
Q

Disease associated with Copper

A

Menkes=deficiency

Wilson=accumulation

59
Q

Typical Reaction involving Copper

A

electron transport

lysl oxidase

60
Q

Example of reaction involving copper

A

O2–> H2O

61
Q

Fe2+

A

Iron

62
Q

Cofactor of Iron

A

Fe2+

63
Q

Disease associated with Iron

A

microcytic anemia

heme synthesis is dependent on iron

64
Q

typical reaction involving Iron

A

e- transfer, O2 binding

65
Q

Iodine

A

Iodine

66
Q

Cofactor of Iodine

A

I+ (iodonium) is required for T3, T4

67
Q

Disease associated with iodine

A

Hyperthyroidism (graves)

Hypothyroidism

68
Q

Typical reaction involving iodine

A

It is only used to produce thyroid

69
Q

Example of reaction involving iodine

A

Tgb with Tyr residue + I+ –>TGB with T4

70
Q

Example of reaction involving Iron

A

Fe3+ + e- –> Fe2+

BCHM Vitamins (1 decks)

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