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FM4 > Vitamin Deficiencies > Flashcards

Vitamin Deficiencies Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin A Deficiency

A 
Night Blindness
Xerophthalmia
Bitot's spots
Corneal xerosis and keratomalacia
Skin changes
Fat malabsorption
Dx: clinically or serum
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2
Q

Thiamine Deficiency

A

Beriberi (wet/dry)
Wernicke-Korsakoff
Alcoholics
Dx: clinically/whole blood thiamine

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3
Q

Niacin (B3) Deficiency

A 
Pellagra (4Ds)
Dermatitis
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death
Dx: clinically
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4
Q

Folate deficiency

A

Macrocytic anemia

Dx: plasma or RBC folate level

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5
Q

B12 Deficiency

A

Macrocytic anemia
Neurologic effects
Dx: low plasma B12; homocysteine and methylmalonate

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6
Q

Vit C deficiency

A 
Scurvy (impaired collagen synthesis)
Bleeding gums
Perifollicular petechiae
Bruising
Hyperkaratosis, coiled hair
Poor wound healing
Dx: clinically; plasma Vit C
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7
Q

Vit D Deficiency

A 
Rickets
Short stature
Bony deformities (ribs, large joints/skulls)
Spinal curvature
Bowed legs
Osteomalacia
Dx: Serum 25-hydroxy vit D
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8
Q

Vit K deficiency

A

Bleeding

Dx: INR (protime)

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9
Q

Iron deficiency

A

Microcytic anemia

Dx: ferritin or iron, iron binding capacity, % sat

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10
Q

Calcium deficiency

A

Osteopenia
Osteoporosis
Muscle cramps, tetany
Dx: dietary history (low intake)

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11
Q

Zinc deficiency

A

Change in taste

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12
Q

Protein deficiency

A

edema

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13
Q

Pica

A

iron deficiency

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14
Q

Pallor

A

Vit B12, Folate, Iron

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15
Q

Poor wound healing

A

Vit C, Zinc

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16
Q

Flaky dermatitis

A

Vit A

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17
Q

Follicular hyperplasia

A

Vit A, Vit C

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18
Q

Perifollicular hyperplasia

A

Vit C

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19
Q

Easy Bruising

A

Vit C, Vit K

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20
Q

Peri-orbital ecchymosis

A

Vit K

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21
Q

Sun exposed dermatitis

A

Niacin

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22
Q

Nail spooning (koilonychia)

A

iron deficiency

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23
Q

Magenta tongue

A

B2 (riboflavin)

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24
Q

Cheilosis (fissuring of lips), angular stomatitis, glossitis

A

B-complex (1, 2, 3, 6, 12)

Iron, Vit C

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25
Q

Cheilosis

A

B12

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26
Q

Bleeding gums

A

Vit C

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27
Q

Decreased taste

A

Zinc

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28
Q

Tooth decay

A

Fluoride

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29
Q

Cardiac arrhthymia

A

Potassium

30
Q

Heart failure

A

Thiamine (wet beri beri)

31
Q

Bone and joint pain

A

Vit C

32
Q

Bone pain/tenderness

A

Vit D

33
Q

Bowed legs (rickets)

A

Vit D

34
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Vit D

35
Q

Muscle spasm

A

Calcium, Mg

36
Q

Muscle weakness

A

Potassium, Vit D

37
Q

Paresthesia

A

Vit B12, thiamine

38
Q

Ataxia

A

Vit B12, thiamine

39
Q

Decreased vibratory/position sense

A

Vit B12

40
Q

Wrist/foot drop

A

thiamine

41
Q

Dementia

A

Vit B12, Niacin

42
Q

Delirium/Psychosis

A

Thiamine

43
Q

People w/ inadequate diets

A

Neglected kids, mentally ill, elderly, eating disorders, anorexia

44
Q

Vegetarians

A

B12, Zinc, Calcium, Vit D

45
Q

Dairy Free

A

Calcium/Vit D

46
Q

Alcoholics

A

B6, FOLATE, B12, Vit C, THIAMINE

47
Q

Elderly

A

Vit C, folate, Zinc, Vit D

B12!!,

48
Q

Heavy menses

GI Bleeds

A

Iron deficiency

49
Q

Chronic diarrhea/diuretics

A

Potassium deficiency

50
Q

Urinary loss in alcoholics, diarrhea, diuretics, uncontrolled diabetes

A

Magnesium loss

51
Q

Pancreatic insuffiency

A 
Fat solubles (ADEK)
B12
52
Q

Celiac dz

A

Folate, B12
Fat solubles (ADEK)
Calcium, iron

53
Q

Ileal resection or dz

A

Vit B12

54
Q

Gastrectomy

A

B12

55
Q

Gastric bypass

A

B12
Fat solubles (ADEK)
Iron, calcium

56
Q

Short Gut Syndrome

A

All vitamins, Calcium, Phosphate, Magnesium, Potassium

57
Q

Blind loop syndrome (bacterial overgrowth)

A 
B12
Fat solubles (ADEK)
58
Q

Alcoholics

A

Thiamine, Folate

59
Q

Smokers

A

Vit C
Folate
Vit E

60
Q

Cancer

A 
Vit C
Vit A
Thiamine
FOLATE
Iron 
Zinc
61
Q

Liver dz

A 
Zinc
Cu
Potassium
Magnesium
Selenium
Vit K
62
Q

Pregnancy

A

Folic acid

Iron

63
Q

Trauma/Burns/Surgery/Infxn

A

Most vits and minerals

64
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Vit D

Calcium

65
Q

Anticonvulsants (phenytoin)

A

Vit D

Calcium

66
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

Folate

67
Q

TMP/SMX

A

Folate

68
Q

Methotrexate

A

Folate

69
Q

INH

A

Vit B6

70
Q

PPI

A

Vit B12

Mg, Ca, Fe

FM4 (1 decks)

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