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Biochemistry II > vitamin deficiencies > Flashcards

vitamin deficiencies Flashcards

1
Q

folic acid deficiency

A

megaloblastic anemia
neural tube defects

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2
Q

folic acid deficiency signs and symptoms

A

anemia
birth defects

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3
Q

folic acid toxicity

A

none

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4
Q

folic acid notes

A

administration of high levels of folate can mask vitamin B12 deficiency

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5
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency

A

pernicious anemia
dementia
spinal degeneration

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6
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency signs and symptoms

A

megaloblastic anemia
neuropsychiatric symptoms

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7
Q

vitamin B12 toxicity

A

none

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8
Q

vitamin B12 notes

A

pernicious anemia is treated with intramuscular or high dose of oral B12

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9
Q

vitamin C deficiency

A

scurvy

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10
Q

Vitamin C deficiency signs and symptoms

A

sore, spongy gums, loose teeth, poor wound healing

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11
Q

vitamin C toxicity

A

none

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12
Q

vitamin C notes

A

benefits of supplementation not established in controlled trials

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13
Q

vitamin B6 deficiency

A

rare

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14
Q

vitamin B6 deficiency signs and symptoms

A

glossitis, neuropathy

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15
Q

vitamin B6 toxicity

A

yes

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16
Q

vitamin B6 notes

A

deficiency can be induced by isoniazid.
sensory neuropathy occurs at high doses

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17
Q

vitamin B1 deficiency (1 of 2)

A

Beriberi

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18
Q

vitamin B1 deficiency signs and symptoms (beriberi)

A

tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions

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19
Q

vitamin B1 deficiency (2 of 2)

A

Wernicke- Korsakoff syndrome (most common in alcoholics)

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20
Q

vitamin B1 deficiency signs and symptoms (Wernicke- Korsakoff)

A

apathy, loss of memory, dysregulated eye movements

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21
Q

vitamin B1 toxicity

A

none

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22
Q

vitamin B1 notes

A

none

23
Q

niacin deficiency

A

pellagra

24
Q

niacin deficiency signs and symptoms

A

dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia

25
Q

niacin toxicity

A

none

26
Q

niacin toxicity notes

A

high doses of niacin used to treat hyperlipidemia

27
Q

vitamin B2 deficiency

A

rare

28
Q

vitamin B2 deficiency signs and symptoms

A

dermatitis, angular stomatitis

29
Q

vitamin B2 toxicity

A

none

30
Q

vitamin B2 notes

A

none

31
Q

biotin deficiency

A

rare

32
Q

biotin deficiency signs and symptoms

A

none

33
Q

biotin toxicity

A

none

34
Q

biotin notes

A

consumption of large amounts of egg whites that contain a protein avidin (binds biotin) can induce biotin deficiency

35
Q

pantothenic acid deficiency

A

rare

36
Q

pantothenic acid deficiency signs and symptoms

A

none

37
Q

pantothenic acid toxicity

A

none

38
Q

vitamin A deficiency

A

infertility, nigh blindness, retardation of growth, xeroplathmia

39
Q

vitamin A deficiency signs and symptoms

A

increased visual threshold, dryness of cornea

40
Q

vitamin A toxicity

A

yes

41
Q

vitamin A notes

A

beta carotene - not acutely toxic but supplementation is not recommended.
excess vitamin A can increase incidence of fractures

42
Q

vitamin D deficiency in children

A

Rickets

43
Q

Vitamin D deficiency in adults

A

osteomalacia

44
Q

vitamin D deficiency signs and symptoms

A

soft, pliable bones

45
Q

vitamin D toxicity

A

yes

46
Q

vitamin D notes

A

is not a true vitamin because it can be synthesized in the skin; application of sunscreen lotions or presence of dark skin color decreases this synthesis

47
Q

vitamin K deficiency

A

newborns, rare in adults

48
Q

vitamin K deficiency signs and symptoms

A

bleeding

49
Q

vitamin K toxicity

A

rare

50
Q

vitamin K notes

A

produced by intestinal bacteria. deficiency is common in newborns. intramuscular treatment with vitamin K is recommended at birth

51
Q

vitamin E deficiency

A

rare

52
Q

vitamin E deficiency signs and symptoms

A

red blood cell fragility leads to hemolytic anemia

53
Q

vitamin E toxicity

A

none

54
Q

vitamin E notes

A

benefits of supplementation not established in controlled trials

Biochemistry II (2 decks)

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