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Communication / Vital Signs > Vitals > Flashcards

Vitals Flashcards

0
Q

Tachycardia

A

Faster than 100 beats per min ( adult ) eg: shock , hemorrhage , drugs .

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1
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slower than 60 beats per minutes (resting in supine position )

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2
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow Breathing below 10 per min

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3
Q

Tachypnea

A

Fast breathing

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4
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

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5
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

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6
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of breathing

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7
Q

Pyrexia

A

Elevated temperature , above normal body temp

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8
Q

Febrile

A

FEVER ! Way above normal body temperature

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9
Q

Hyperthermia

A

High body temperature

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10
Q

Hypothermia

A

Low body temperature

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11
Q

Receiver

A

The person to whom the message is conveyed

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12
Q

Sender

A

The person conveying the message or the one that create the message

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13
Q

Othopnea

A

Shortness of breath /Difficult breathing when lying down

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14
Q

Pulse normal range

A

60-100 bpm

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15
Q

Temperature normal range

A

Healthy adults 98.6

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16
Q

Normal blood pressure range

A

In adult less than 120/80measured in (MMHG) millimeter of mercury …… B/P is veins and chambers of the heart , volume of the arterial wall

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17
Q

Respiration normal range

A

Adult 12-20per min

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18
Q

Active listening

A

full attention to what the patient is saying , open posture , allow the speaker to validate you recieved the message , to give feedback , restating or paraphrasing , clarifying , focusing

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19
Q

Close ended question

A

Question that has a YES OR NO ANSWER

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20
Q

Open ended question

A

How , what , can you tell me about or in what way questions , cannot be answered with a yes or no

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21
Q

How a tympanic temperature obtained for children under 3 years ? And adults ?

A

Pull ear Down and back for child under 3yrs …. Pull ear For adults up and back

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22
Q

The systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

A

The top number , the heart contracts ….. The bottom number relaxing/filling

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23
Q

What is cardiac output

A

The amount if blood pumped in 1 minute …….The amount of blood discharged from left to right ventricle … CO=HR X

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24
Q

What is pulse pressure

A

The difference between the two reading of the diastolic and systolic pressure eg:120-80=40

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25
Q

What is the formula for B/P

A

BP=COxSVR…. CO-cardiac output -the amount of blood pumped in 1 min ….SVR-systemic vascular resistance -the diameter of your blood vessel

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26
Q

What is the most common arterial site to obtain B/P ?

A

Brachial pulse

27
Q

What are various types of breathing patterns ? Which is common near death ?

A

Eupnea - normal breathing , apnea - absence of breathing , Dyspnea - difficulty breathing , Bradyapnea - slow breathing , tachyapnea - fast breathing , othropnea -difficult breathing laying down Chyene-stroke - near death , abnormal breathing , stop and grasp ….

28
Q

How are respirations assessed ?

A

Without the pt noticing …… One inhalation plus one exhalation equals one respiration , PLACE ONE HAD ON CHEST OR OBSERVE RISE AND FALL OF CHEST

29
Q

What is a radial/ apical pulse measurement ? What is a pulse deficit ?

A

Two nurses readings at the same time ….. Pulse deficit is the difference between the radial and apical pulse , it can be a sign of vascular disease or cardiac dysrhthmia

30
Q

What factor influence the pulse rate ?

A

Smoking , stress , sex , age , pain , blood pressure , emotions , medication, excersize , fever,postural changes - sitting , lying , standing

31
Q

Where is the stethoscope placed to assess the apical pulse ? How long should the nurse listen ?

A

Over the apex of the heart -left fifth intercostal space , mid clavicular space …..the nurse listens for 1 minute

32
Q

What sites may the pulse be checked ?

A

Temporal , carotid , apical , radial , brachial , femoral , popliteal ,dorsalis pedis or pedal pulse ,posterial tibial

33
Q

How is strength of the pulse assessed ?

A

+1- tready - difficult to breath… +2-weak- cannot be palpated with light pressure ….+3-normal - moderate pressure cannot feel +4- can still be palpated with moderate pressure

34
Q

How do you insure the patient understood your message ?

A

Feedback Letting them repeat it , explain in their words

35
Q

What is non verbal communication ? How is eye contact used ?

A

Message transmitted without words … Use of touch , eye contact or physical appearance , posture , gesture … 2-6 sec to not be threathing or intimidating , diff cultures interpret eyecontact different .

36
Q

How does the nurse initiate the nurse -client relationship ?

A

Introduce self eg: hi my name is____ and I will be ur nurse today and will be doing …

37
Q

How is silence used ?

A

Demonstrates caring and concern Not always good , sometimes good …asian not too much touching , USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH TOUCH

38
Q

How does the nurse communicate with older adults

A

Being patient with them , askin about their history , asking questions

39
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Drop in blood pressure , falls when you stand up too quickly … Eg:dizziness , disoriented , feeling weak , nausea , blurred vision

40
Q

What is othrostatic blood pressure checks ?

A

Select arm with highest systolic reading from previous measurement and take B/P … Assist the pt to standing position , after 1-3 mins take B/P AGAIN if pt is dizzy/faint , assist pt back to lying down , leave cuff in place assist pt to stand and take B\P

41
Q

What factors can affect blood pressure ?

A

Age ,sex , excersize , hormonal influence eg:birthcintrol daily variation : lowest when sleep , medication ,stress - elevated tempeature , enviorment -eg: AC , hot/cold liquids , smoking , talking , temperature , emotional state , , full bladder , too big b/p cuff or too small

42
Q

Compare the sites that might be used to measure temperature ?

A

Oral - 98.6 not for unconscious pt or pt that had oral surgery (blue probe ) has to be assessible / comfortable …..tympanic - 98.6 (A)non invasive accurate lessens heat loss … Rectal -LEAST ACCURATE - 99.5 reiable … Not for rectal surgery disorder , for pt who cannot be postion properly , reliable ….Anxillary -97.6 LEAST ACCURATE .. Non invasive … Excessive cerumen may interfere with reading

43
Q

How does the nurse communicate with older adult ?

A

Being patient with them , low pitch voice , , face the client ! So they can read lips and hear better , asking them questions , asking about their history

44
Q

Sp02 normal range

A

A normal range of 93-100% !! saturation of hemoglobin , carries oxygen in red blood cell , ……….A device intended for the non-invasive measurement of arterial blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate

45
Q

Channel/mode

A

How the information is carried out ! Auditory , visual , kinesthetic

46
Q

What is asculatory gap ? How does the nurse ensure and accurate reading when the patient has asculatory gap ?

A

Between the first and second korotkoff sound …… korotkoff sound sometimes the sound disappear temporarily and reappear ……. By inflating the blood pressure cuff 30mmhg higher than the pressure requires to occlude the brachial pulse

47
Q

Stoke volume

A

The amount of blood pushed into the aorta with each heart beat

48
Q

Othrostatic hypotension

A

From lying to sitting or standing … A drop of 25mmhg in systolic pressure and a drop of 10mmhg in diastolic pressure … When the pt rises too quickly .

49
Q

Aphasia

A

Without speech , after stroke cannot get the word out

50
Q

What part of the body regulates temperature ? How does the body cool itself off if it starts overheating ? How does the body warm up if it’s too cold

A

Hypothalamus …. Sweating -blood vessel dialates , shivering it vaso-constrict because the blood is further away from the skin

51
Q

What is the procedure for obtaining weight / height ?

A

Set the scale to zero , place paper on the base if pt does not have on shoe , keep pt upright to obtain height , assist pt back to bed or wheelchair if necessary and document

52
Q

Feedback

A

The importance of communication ! To determine if the message has been recieved and understood , Nurse to nurse , nurse to doctor , nurse to pt , nurse to pt family

53
Q

Korotkoff sound

A

Pulsating sounds heard during auscultation of blood pressure …. These go through 5 phases

54
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure , considered healthy to have low BP if no I’ll effects ….eg:vertigo or syncope (fainting )

55
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure 140/90mmhg

56
Q

Pain

A

The fifth vital sign

57
Q

Message

A

What you say to the pt , communication in writing, speech , or by signal

58
Q

What is the goal of therapuetic communication ? What technique are used ?

A

Build trust and meet patients needs … Active listening techniques - restating , clarifying , focusing , reflecting

59
Q

How does the nurse communicate with an unresponsive patient ? Or assess if and unresponsive patient can communicate

A

Talk to them like they are responsive …. Squeezing of the hand or blinking of the eye

60
Q

Kussmal Breathing

A

Deep , rapid ef: pt with diabetes

61
Q

What is stethoscope ?

A

Instrument used for listening

62
Q

What are the vital signs?

A

Temperature , respiration , pulse , pain , blood pressure

63
Q

Palpation

A

Touching

64
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping

65
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening

Communication / Vital Signs (1 decks)

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