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N125 Exam 1 Study guide > Vital Signs/Random info > Flashcards

Vital Signs/Random info Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal temperature range ?

A

96.8 F to 100.4 F (36 C to 38 C)

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2
Q

What is the normal pulse rate ?

A

60-100 bpm

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3
Q

What are normal respiration rates ?

A

12 to 20 breaths/minute

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4
Q

What is the normal BP range ?

A

Systolic <120 mm Hg
Diastolic <80 mm Hg

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5
Q

What is normal pulse pressure ?

A

30 - 50 mm Hg

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6
Q

What is the normal pulse oximetry ?

A

greater than or the same as 95%

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7
Q

What is the normal capnography ?

A

35-45 mm Hg

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8
Q

What do you do if vitals are in the lowest parameters ?

A

Let the provider know immediately

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9
Q

What is the range for Stage 1 hypertension ?

A

Systolic 130-139 mm Hg
Diasolic 80-89 mm Hg

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10
Q

What is the range for Stage 2 hypertension ?

A

Systolic: greater than or same as 140 mm Hg
Diastolic: Greater than or same as 90 mm Hg

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11
Q

What can lower Bp ?

A

-Dehydration (less salt in the boyd or diuretics )
-Opiod analgesics (pain meds)

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12
Q

What can increase BP ?

A

-Sodium
-Smoking
-Alcohol
-Caffeine
-Vasoconstrictors
-Excessive volume of IV fluids

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13
Q

Lower extermity sites for auscultation ?

A

-Behind the knee in the popliteal space mid thigh
-Prone prone position
-Systolic pressure is usually 10 to 40 mm Hg giher than the brachial artery

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14
Q

Apical pulse site

A

4th ot 5th intercoastal space at left midclavicualr line
*Site used to auscultate for apical pulse

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15
Q

Brachial pulse site

A

Groove between biceps and triceps muscles at antecubital fossa
*Site used to assess status of circulation to lower arm and to auscultate blood pressure

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16
Q

Radial pulse site

A

Radial or thumb side of forearm at wrist
*Common site used to assess character of pulse peripherally and status of circulation to hand

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17
Q

If radial pulse seem irregualr what should you do ?

A

Perform apical reading to ger a legit count

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18
Q

Temporal pulse site

A

Ove temporal bond of head, above and lateral to eye
* Easily accessible site used to assess pulse in childre

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19
Q

Cartoid pulse site

A

Along medial edge of sternoclediomastoid muscle in neck
* Easily accessible site used during physioloical shock, cardiac arrest, or when other sites are not palpable

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20
Q

Ulnar pulse site

A

Ulnar or little finger side of forearm at wrist
* Site used to assess status of circulation to hand; also used to perfon an Allen’s test

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21
Q

Femoral pulse site

A

Below inguinal ligament, midway between symphysis pubis and anterior superior iliac spine
* Site used to assess character of pulse during physiological shock or cardia arrest when other pulses are not palpable; used to assess status of circulation to leg

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22
Q

Posterior tibial pulse site

A

Inner side of ankle, below medial mallelus
* Site used to assess status of circulation to foot

23
Q

Dorsalis pedis pulse site

A

Along top of foot, between extension tendons of great and first toe
*Site used to assess status of circulation to foot

24
Q

Factors affecting pulse oximeter readings: Erroneous readings causes

A

-Cold room
-Too bright
-Peripheral vascular disease
*Hot room and dark room won’t effect reading

25
Q

Factors influencing temperature: Oral

A

-Pt ingested cold/hot fluids or food
-Smoking
-Receiving O2 by mask/cannula
-Wait 20-30 mins before taking temp

26
Q

What are the sites to obtain temp reading ?

A

-Oral
-Skin
-Axillary
Rectal (most accurate for core temp)
-Tympanic
-Esophageal
-Pulmonary
-Bladder

27
Q

Fomula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

C= (F - 32) x 5/9
Example: 40 C = (104 F - 32) x 5/9

28
Q

Formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

A

((C x 9) /5) + 32 = F

29
Q

What are factors increasing respiratory rate ?

A

-Fever
-Anxiety
-Exercise
-Smoking
-Amphetamines + cocaine
-Anemia
-Increased altitudes
-Abnormal blood cell function

30
Q

What are factors decreasing respiratory rate ?

A

-Pain
-Opioid analgesics, anesthetics + sedative-hypnotics
-Bronchodilators
-Injury to brainstem

31
Q

Describe Heatstroke

A

-Body temp is 104 F or greater
-Increasing HR (tachycardia)
-Lowering BP (hypotension

32
Q

Heatstroke symptoms

A

-Hot, dry skin
-Delirium, convulsions, or coma (CNS abnormalities)
-Giddiness
-Excessive thirst
-Nausea
-Cramps
-Incontinence
-No sweat due to severe electrolyte loss + hypothalamic malfunction

33
Q

Exertional heatstroke

A

occurs in athletes, soliders, or laborers performing physcial activities

34
Q

Nonexertional heatstroke

A

occurs during low level physcially activities in the elderly with comorbidities (DM or cardiovascular disease)

35
Q

Describe heat exhaustion

A

-Treatment : fluids and electrolytes
-Caused by environmental heat exposure and excess sweating
-Results in excess water + electrolyte loss

36
Q

Distinguish a professional nurse role/care in comparison to an ancillary/unlicensed staff

A

What the nurse would be able to delegate (critical thinking, assessment, evaluation would be the nursing role. Bed, bath, etc would be delegated to ancillary staff

37
Q

Medical orders

A

Are part of the plan, but if the pt changes, the assessment changes, so the plan has to change

38
Q

When gathering data

A

-Make tentative dx in the planning phase
-Don’t forget to find out what pain relief methods working in the pst as part of the planning

39
Q

Pain

A

If you don’t have the option of adminstering med yet, nonpharm Interventions( repositioning,etc) explore those options first before doing anything else

40
Q

Would you ever be making assumtpions ?

A

No
-Relating to delegation to an unlicensed person
-Don’t assume any delegated task was performed. Always follow up

41
Q

Cultural differences and interpersonal interactions

A

-try to avoid
-when in doubt clarify

42
Q

Options before therapy

A

-Know when to administer analgesics
-If analgesics is available before the perocedure, do it

43
Q

If pt has met outcomes for a problem

A

-GET A # to go with that intuition
-# per minute

44
Q

If you have pain meds ordered and the pt’s vital signs are the only parameter and the vitals are elevated

A

-Give the medication
-Potentially indicators or pain

45
Q

In general, for an older adult pt if give a list of vital signs to choose

A

-their bp would be lower

46
Q

If a pt says they feel dizzy, if they’re standing

A

-Make them sit ot lay down
-safety first

47
Q

If someone says thier pain is very high but they’re chatting

A

Chronic pain doesn’t show the same as acute pain, they still have pain

48
Q

If the pt has a wound dressing and it becomes saturated (blood, fluid) and drippping

A

You would change the dressing and replace with a new one

49
Q

What is physiologically happening during the diastole ?

A

-Heart is relaxed (resting phase of the heart )
-Ventricles relax and the atria contrct to mvoe blood into the ventricles and fill their coronary arteries

50
Q

What is physiologically happening during the systole ?

A

-Ventricles contract and eject blood from the left ventricles into the aorta and from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery

51
Q

Most important thing to do to prevent infection

A

Wash your hands

52
Q

Restless

A

means issues with oxygentation in test questions

53
Q

Diaphorectic means

A

sweating

N125 Exam 1 Study guide (3 decks)

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