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Fundamentals Of Nursing > Vital Signs > Flashcards

Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Measurement of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation

A

Pulse oximetry

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2
Q

A patient’s vital signs, along with oxygen saturation, have been identified as the best predictor of what?

A

Cardiopulmonary arrest, ICU admin and
Unexpected death

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3
Q

Hospitalized patients with fevers, high or low BP, changes in pulse rate or rhythm, or respiratory difficulty must have vital signs assessed at least every (period of time)

A

4 hours

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4
Q

Residents in long-term care must have vitals checked how often?

A

At least monthly

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5
Q

How often do Medicare A patients in long-term skilled care have vitals taken?

A

Daily

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6
Q

Who’s responsible for insuring the accuracy of data, interpreting and reporting abnormal findings of vital signs?

A

Nurse

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7
Q

Temp range for newborns (F)

A

97.2 - 99.9

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8
Q

Temp range for infants (F)

A

96 - 99.7

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9
Q

Temp range for toddler and child (F)

A

96 - 99

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10
Q

Temp range for adolescent and adults (F)

A

96.4 - 99.5

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11
Q

Newborns Normal pulse rate

A

95 - 170

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12
Q

Infant Normal pulse rate

A

85 - 170

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13
Q

Toddler Normal pulse rate

A

70 - 150

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14
Q

Child Normal pulse rate

A

65 - 130

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15
Q

Adolescent Normal pulse rate

A

60 - 115

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16
Q

Adult Normal pulse rate

A

60 - 100

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17
Q

Newborn respiration rate

A

30 - 60

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18
Q

Infant respiration rate

A

30 - 50

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19
Q

Toddler respiration rate

A

20 - 40

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20
Q

Child respiration rate

A

15 - 25

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21
Q

Adolescent and adult respiration rate

A

12 - 20

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22
Q

Newborn normal BP

A

60-70 / 40

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23
Q

Infant normal BP

A

85 / 37

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24
Q

Toddler normal BP

A

88 / 42

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25
Child normal BP
95 / 57
26
Adolescent normal BP
102 / 60
27
Adult normal BP
<120 / 80
28
What structure regulates body temperature?
Hypothalamus
29
What sympathetic neurotransmitters are released to produce additional heat in the body?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
30
What hormone produces heat over a much longer period of time?
Thyroid
31
What part of the brain initiates shivering?
Hypothalamus
32
How do goosebumps help reduce heat loss?
They reduce the surface area of skin that can lose heat
33
Who is most sensitive to changes in environmental temperature?
Very young and very old
34
Why are older adults at risk for harm from extremes of temperature?
Impaired thermoregulatory response
35
Word for normal body temperature a.k.a. without fever
Afebrile
36
Another word for fever
Pyrexia
37
A person with a fever is said to be
Febrile
38
What is a substance called that causes fever?
Pyrogen
39
What does a fever do in the body?
Signals increase in immune function and inflammation
40
What is considered an extremely high fever?
104 F or 40 C
41
What temperature is considered a medical emergency?
106 (41C)
42
What is a fever that returns to normal at least once every 24 hours
Intermittent
43
Body temperature that does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees
Remittent
44
Body temperature that remains above normal with minimal variation
Sustained or continuous
45
Body temperature the returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episodes of fever, each as long as several days
Relapsing or recurrent
46
What is FUO?
Fever of unknown origin
47
Fevers that do not respond to medication’s could be what?
Neurogenic; result of damage to hypothalamus
48
What happens to pulse rate with a fever?
Increases
49
Loss of appetite, headache; hot, dry skin; flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, and fatigue are symptoms of what?
Fever
50
What are potentially dangerous complications of fever?
Fluid, electrolyte, and acid -base imbalance
51
Anyone younger than what age should not take aspirin and aspirin containing products for fever
19 years old
52
What is a core body temperature below 95 F (35 C) called?
Hypothermia
53
Why have some isolated cases of severe hypothermia (26C/78.8F) been survived?
Because rates of chemical reactions had been slowed and metabolic demand for oxygen was decreased
54
True or false: therapeutic hypothermia has been used to improve outcomes after brain injury, certain surgeries, and after cardiac arrest.
True
55
Poor coordination, slurred speech, poor judgment, amnesia, hallucinations, and stupor are possible symptoms of what?
Hypothermia
56
Normal range for a tympanic temp reading
98.2 - 100.9
57
Which temperature reading is more accurate: temporal or axillary?
Temporal
58
Normal temporal temperature reading
98.7 - 100.5
59
What is the more common place to take a neonate’s temp?
Axillary (however, not as accurate)
60
What is normal axillary temp reading?
95.6 - 98.5
61
True/False: IFR thermometers should be placed in testing environment for 10-30 minutes before use to adjust to the environment
True
62
Older adults may have a pulse rate that is faster or slower?
Slower
63
Who, on average, have faster pulse rates: men or women?
Women
64
What is a rapid heart rate called?
Tachycardia
65
What is a pulse rate below 60 bpm called?
Bradycardia
66
Irregular heartbeat pattern
Dysrthymia
67
What age is more commonly prone to irregular heart beat patterns
Children and young adults
68
Systolic BP readings in lower extremities are typically how much higher than brachial
10 - 40 mmHg
69
Normal breaths, per minute
12 - 20
70
Over 24 shallow breaths per minute is called
Tachypnea
71
Over 24 shallow breaths per minute is called
Tachypnea
72
Less than 10 breaths per
Bradypnea
73
Increased rate and depth of breaths is called
Hyperventilation
74
Decreased rate and depth of breaths is called
Hypoventilation
75
Alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing follow, followed by periods of apnea
Cheyne-Stokes

Fundamentals Of Nursing (1 decks)

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