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Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Blood pressure

A
  • Force exerted by the blood against the blood vessels
  • Millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
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2
Q

Normal ________ cycle __ reaches peak that is followed by ____ point, in the cycle.

A

Cardiac
BP
Low

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3
Q

During ________: Left _______ pumps blood into the aorta (biggest ______)

A

Systole
Ventricle
Artery

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4
Q

_______: during _______ as the ventricle relax.

A

Trough
Diastole

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5
Q

BP reaches peak (_______) that is followed by low point (_____)

A

Systolic
Diastolic

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6
Q

Minimal pressure exerted against arterial walls

A

Diastolic pressure

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7
Q

Where is the systolic reading?
120/80 mmHg

A

120

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8
Q

Where is diastolic reading?
120/80 mmHg

A

80

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9
Q

What organization said that BP should be regularly measure in sitting, supine, followed by standing provides that the arm is placed in the heart (right atrium)?

A

World Health Organization (WHO)

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10
Q

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

A

Pulse Pressure

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11
Q

Pressure is 120/80 mmHg; pulse pressure is___ mmHg

A

40 mmHg

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12
Q

Systolic -______= _____

A

Diastolic
Pulse Pressure

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13
Q

Pulse pressure that is not normal due to heart failure, blood loss, trauma)

A

Narrow/ Low pulse pressure

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14
Q

Low PP= (<__ mmHg)

A

25

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15
Q

Consistently high= arteriosclerosis

A

Wide/High Pulse Pressure

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16
Q

A type of vascular disease where the blood vessels carrying oxygen away from the heart (arteries) become damaged from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain genetic influences.

A

Arteriosclerosis

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17
Q

High PP= (>__ mmHg)

A

55

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18
Q

Maximize pressure of blood exerted on the arterial wall at the peak of the contraction of the left ventricle.

A

Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)

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19
Q

Minimum pressure of blood exerted when the left ventricle is at rest but receives blood from atrium.

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)

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20
Q

Recommendations: Healthy lifestyle choices and yearly checks.

A

Normal Blood Pressure
<120 mmHg
<80 mmHg

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21
Q

Recommendations: healthy lifestyle changes, reassess on 3-6 months

A

Elevated Blood Pressure
120-129
<80

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22
Q

Recommendations: 10-year heart disease and stroke risk assessment. If less than 10% risk, lifestyle changes, reassessed in 3-6 months. If higher, lifestyle changes and medication with mostly follow-ups with BP controlled.

A

High Blood Pressure/ Stage 1
130-139
80-89

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23
Q

Recommendations: lifestyle changes and 2 different classes of medicine, with monthly follow-ups until BP is controlled.

A

High Blood Pressure/ Stage 2
>140
>90

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24
Q

90/60 mmHg

A

Borderline low blood pressure

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25
Q

60/40 mmHg

A

Too low blood pressure

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26
Q

50/33 mmHg

A

Dangerously low blood pressure

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27
Q

Most serious and dangerous to organs. It can damage kidneys.

A

Low blood pressure

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28
Q

When the systolic is high but the diastolic is normal.

A

Isolated Systolic Hypertension

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29
Q

Equipments for BP

A

Sphygmomanometer
Stethoscope

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30
Q

4 locations in taking the BP

A

Radial Artery
Brachial artery
Dorsalis pedis artery
Popliteal artery

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31
Q

R: If arm dangles, client may perform isometric exercises that can increase _______ pressure __%

A

Diastolic
10

32
Q

Position cuff ____cm (1 inch) above site of brachial pulsation (________ space).

A

2.5
Antecubital

33
Q

Loose fitting of cuff causes_______readings.

A

False high

34
Q

Eye level placement ensures _____ reading of mercury level.

35
Q

When no stethoscope palpate the radial artery then when the pulse stops add ______

36
Q

Proper stethoscope placement ensures optimal _______ ______.

A

Sound receptions

37
Q

Stethoscope improperly positioned causes _____ sounds that often results in false ___ systolic and false ____ diastolic pressure.

A

Muffled
Low
High

38
Q

First __________ sound indicated systolic pressure

39
Q

_______ korotkoff sound involves distinct muffling of sounds and is recommended by _______ Heart ________ as indication of diastolic pressure in ________.

A

Fourth
American
Association
Children

40
Q

_____ can be measured in ° fahrenheit and _______

A

Temperature
°C

41
Q

Sites for getting temperature

A

Oral, rectal, and Axillary

42
Q

Appropriate sire for the ______ age and ______ condition.

A

Patient’s
Physical

43
Q

Under the control of _________ the body’s core temperature is maintained within- or +0.6°C

A

Hypothalamus (regulates the temp.)

44
Q

How is body heat produced?

A
  1. Exercise- walking, doing activities
  2. Eating- metabolism of food (kinetic energy in cells)
45
Q

How is body heat lost?

A

Skin- sweat glands by perspiration
Lungs through breathing during ventilation

46
Q

Types of temperature of the body

A

Shell temperature of the body and core temperature of the body

47
Q

The ____ includes the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and the _____.

A

Shell
Limbs

48
Q

The temperature of the shell ______ widely according to the environmental conditions.

A

Fluctuates

49
Q

Refers to the temp. Of the internal environment of the body.

A

Core temperature of the body

50
Q

This includes organs such as _____, liver, and the ______.

A

Heart
Blood

51
Q

Types of thermometer

A

-Glass/thermometer thermometer
-Electromic thermometer
-Infrared thermometer
-Chemical thermometer
-Digital thermometer

52
Q

Aims to reduce the use of mercury for commercial purposes globally.

A

February 2001
MERCURY REDUCTION AND DISPOSAL ACT

53
Q

Measurement
Freezing point
Boiling point

A

Fahrenheit Celsius
32°F 0°C
212°F 100°C

54
Q

Normal body temperature range:

A

35.9 to 38.1°C- normal in rectal

55
Q

Normal body temperature

A

36.5-37.5°C-normal in rectal and axilla

56
Q

Shell outside
Core inside

A

35.8-37.4
36.4-37.3

57
Q

Hyperthermia(oral)

58
Q

Hypothermia(rectal)

59
Q

Oral
Rectal Equivalent
Axillary Equivalent

A

37
37.5
36.4

60
Q

Most accessible site
Çomfortable for the client
For awake patients

A

Oral route

61
Q

T.range of oral route

A

36.5 to 375°C

62
Q

Duration for oral route

A

2-3 minutes

63
Q

T. Range for axilla route

A

35.9 to 36.9

64
Q

For infants, young children, and patients with impaired immune system

A

Axilla route

65
Q

Duration for axilla route

66
Q

Provide very reliable measurement
Uses lubricant if possible
For infants, young children and confused or unconscious pateints

A

Rectal route

67
Q

T. Range for rectal route

A

37.1 to 38.1

68
Q

Duration for rectal route

A

3-5 minutes

69
Q

Non-invasive
Çomfortable for clients
Very reliable
Used infrared light
Quick

A

Tympanic route

70
Q

T. Range for tympanic route

A

36.8 to 37.8

71
Q

Duration for tympanic route

A

2-3 seconds or when the thermometer sounds

72
Q

Having a body temperature that varies with the temperature of the surroundings.
Ex. Cold-blooded animals

A

Poikilothermic

73
Q

Maintains constant internal body temperature, usually within narrow ange of temperatures

A

Homeothermic

74
Q

When it senses your internal temperature becoming too low or high, it sends signals to your muscles, organs, glands, and nervous system.

A

Hypothalamus

75
Q

Factors affecting body temperature (FACGEEI)

A

Food
Age
Climate
Gender
Exercise and activity
Emotions
Illness and injury

76
Q

Before using the thermometer. In cleaning the thermometer we shourt

A

Start at the bulb(tip) to the stem(center) in circular motion

77
Q

Reflects the amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat

A

Pulse rate

Health Assessment (5 decks)

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