Vital Signs

Question 1

8 locations to take pulse

Answer 1

carotid, radial, brachial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

Question 2

HR: Normal Range Adults

Answer 2

60-100 bpm

Question 3

HR: Highly Trained Athletes / Persons on Beta Blockers

Answer 3

40-60 bpm

Question 4

HR: Normal Child (1-7 years old)

Answer 4

80-100 bpm

Question 5

HR: Normal Newborn

Answer 5

100-120 bpm

Question 6

HR: Tachycardia

Answer 6

> 100 bpm

Question 7

HR: Bradycardia

Answer 7

<60 bpm

Question 8

Target Exercise HR

Answer 8

0.6-0.8 x HRmax

Question 9

Respiratory Rhythm

Answer 9

Regularity of cycles (Regular, Irregular)

Question 10

Respiratory Depth

Answer 10

The amount of cavity expansion, should be much less than full capacity (Deep, Normal, Shallow)

Question 11

Dyspnea

Answer 11

Shortness of Breath

Question 12

Dyspnea on Exertion

Answer 12

Shortness of Breath with activity/exercise

Question 13

Orthopnea

Answer 13

Shortness of breath with lying flat

Question 14

Respiratory Rate: Normal Adults

Answer 14

12-20 breaths/min

Question 15

Respiratory Rate: Normal Children

Answer 15

15-30 breaths/min

Question 16

Respiratory Rate: Normal Infants

Answer 16

25-50 breaths/min

Question 17

Tachypnea

Answer 17

> 20 breaths/min (adults)
40 breaths/min (children)
50 breaths/min (infants)

Question 18

Bradypnea

Answer 18

<12 breaths/min (adults)
<15 breaths/min (children)
<25 breaths/min (infants)

Question 19

BP: Hypotension

Answer 19

<90 systolic
OR
<60 diastolic

Question 20

BP: Normal

Answer 20

90-119 systolic
AND
60-79 diastolic

Question 21

BP: Pre-Hypertensive

Answer 21

120-139 systolic
OR
80-89 diastolic

Question 22

BP: Stage I Hypertension

Answer 22

140-159 systolic
OR
90-99 diastolic

Question 23

BP: Stage II Hypertension

Answer 23

> 160 systolic
OR
100 diastolic

Question 24

BP: Hypertensive Crisis

Answer 24

> 180 systolic
OR
110 diastolic

Question 25

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 25

Pressure after 2-3 minutes of change in position

Systolic decreases by 20mmHg
Diastolic decreases by 10mmHg

Question 26

Normal & Abnormal Systolic Responses to Exercise

Answer 26

Rises with an increase in workload, then levels off

abnormal - no change or drop

Question 27

Normal & Abnormal Diastolic Responses to Exercise

Answer 27

No change with increase workload

abnormal - increase or decrease of 10mmHg

Question 28

Core Temp. Range & Average

Answer 28

96.4-99.1, 98.6*

Question 29

Core Temp. Afebrile

Answer 29

No fever >100*

Question 30

Core Temp. Febrile

Answer 30

Fever <100*

Question 31

Core Temp. Hypothermia

Answer 31

<95*

Question 32

Core Temp. Hyperthermia

Answer 32

> 106*

Question 33

O2 Saturation - Normal

Answer 33

97-99%

Question 34

O2 Saturation - Tachycardia/Tachypnea

Answer 34

95%

Question 35

O2 Saturation - CV/Pulmonary Disease

Answer 35

90%

Question 36

O2 Saturation - Requires O2 Supplementation

Answer 36

75-85%

Question 37

O2 Saturation - Life Threatening

Answer 37

> 70%

Question 38

Edema

Answer 38

Observable swelling from fluid accumulation outside of joint capsules

Question 39

Effusion

Answer 39

Fluid Accumulation within a joint capsule or cavity and most often results from injury or inflammation

Question 40

Pulmonary Edema

Answer 40

Accumulation of fluid in the interstitial air spaces (alveoli) of the lungs

Question 41

Ascites

Answer 41

Accumulation of fluid in the cavities within the abdomen (peritoneum)

Question 42

Peripheral Edema

Answer 42

Legs, Feet, Arms, Hands

Question 43

Pitting

Answer 43

When a finger is pressed into the edematous area then removed - a visible indentation remains

scored: 1+ (trace) 2+ (mild) 3+ (moderate) 4+ (severe)