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Nursing Fundamentals > Vital Signs > Flashcards

Vital Signs Flashcards

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1
Q

Order of charting vitals

A

T,P,R,BP,P

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2
Q

Most accurate temperature site and why

A

Tympanic because it is closest to the hypothalamus

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3
Q

Normal Adult temp

A

96.6-99.3F and 36.5-37.5C

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4
Q

Atalectasis and treatment

A

collapse of the alveoli- use incentive spirometer

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5
Q

symptoms of a fever

A

Pinkish red skin, increased heart rate, glassy eyes, warm skin, headache, increased perspiration, confusion

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6
Q

Symptoms of hypothermia

A

Shivering, pale, cool, puffy skin, slow pulse, diminished pain sensation

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7
Q

Fever meds (not NSAIDS)

A

Tylenol- Acetaminophen

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8
Q

Fever med examples (NSAIDS)

A

Aspirin - ASA - acetylsalicylic acid
Advil/Motrin- ibuprofen
Aleve- naprosyn

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9
Q

NSAID definition

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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10
Q

Normal adult pulse

A

60-100

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11
Q

tachycardia

A

pulse more than 100

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12
Q

bradycardia

A

pulse less than 60

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13
Q

PMI (pulse)

A

point of maximum beats

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14
Q

Apical placement

A

left 5th intercostal space, slightly medial

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15
Q

Digoxin side effects

A

Anorexia, Bradycardia, Confusion, green and yellow halo, nausea and vomiting

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16
Q

Newborn normal heart rate

A

120-160

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17
Q

1-2 years normal heart rate

A

80-130

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18
Q

3-12 year normal heart rate

A

75-120

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19
Q

Venous blood

A

blue blood, with O2

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20
Q

Blocked arteries causes (5 p’s)

A

pain, paresthesia pallor, no pulse, paralysis

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21
Q

Eupnea

A

regular resp. rate

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22
Q

regular resp. rate

A

eupnea

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23
Q

Tachypenea

A

rapid resp. rate

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24
Q

rapid resp. rate

A

tachypenea

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25
Q

bradypnea

A

slow resp. rate

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26
Q

slow resp. rate

A

bradypnea

27
Q

apnea

A

lack of resp. rate

28
Q

Cheyne-Skokes

A

off and on breathing, seen before death

29
Q

Kussmaul

A

off and on breathing with slight breaths in between

30
Q

Hyperventilation

A

fast breathing, high O2 and high CO2

31
Q

Hypoventilation

A

slow breathing, holding in a lot of CO2

32
Q

Dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

33
Q

difficulty breathing

A

dyspnea

34
Q

Orthopnea - what they need

A

to sit up in order to breathe

35
Q

Stridor

A

high pitched wheezing caused by disrupted or blocked trachea or blocked airflow to larynx

36
Q

high pitched wheezing caused by disrupted or blocked trachea or blocked airflow to larynx

A

stridor

37
Q

Hypocapnia

A

low CO2

38
Q

low CO2

A

hypocapnia

39
Q

Hypercapnia

A

high CO2

40
Q

High CO2

A

Hypercapnia

41
Q

Hypoxia

A

Low O2

42
Q

Hyperoxnia

A

high O2

43
Q

GFR

A

grunting, flaring (nostrils), retractions

44
Q

when to not take blood pressure on an arm

A

in presence of a mastectomy, in an arm with av fistula (shunt)

45
Q

AV fistula (shunt) sound and feel

A

Thrill and Bruit

46
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

low fluid or blood volume

47
Q

Anaphylactic shock and type of med to treat it

A

release of histamine causes vessel to widen and BP to drop (use antihistamine such as benadryl to treat)

48
Q

Septic Shock and med to treat them with

A

release of the pathogen causes BP to drop - treat with antibiotics

49
Q

Histamine response to Benadryl

A

Pruritus, erythema, urticaria, rhinitis, watery eyes

50
Q

Histamine response to Epi

A

closes bronchioles in the lungs, dilated blood vessel (vasodilation), inflammation

51
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

52
Q

Erythema

A

Redness

53
Q

Urticaria

A

Hives

54
Q

Rhinitis

A

runny nose

55
Q

Itching

A

Pruritis

56
Q

Redness

A

Erythema

57
Q

Hives

A

Urticaria

58
Q

Runny nose

A

Rhinitis

59
Q

When to give Digoxin

A

only when heart rate is above 60!!!

60
Q

Hypertension blood pressure numbers

A

150 over 90

61
Q

hypotension blood pressure numbers

A

90 over 50

62
Q

Postural hypotension

A

sudden but temporary drop in BP due to posture change

63
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Sudden but temporary drop in blood pressure due to dehydration and posture change.

64
Q

What does mottled skin signify?

A

poor circulation

Nursing Fundamentals (4 decks)

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