Vital Signs Flashcards
Order of charting vitals
T,P,R,BP,P
Most accurate temperature site and why
Tympanic because it is closest to the hypothalamus
Normal Adult temp
96.6-99.3F and 36.5-37.5C
Atalectasis and treatment
collapse of the alveoli- use incentive spirometer
symptoms of a fever
Pinkish red skin, increased heart rate, glassy eyes, warm skin, headache, increased perspiration, confusion
Symptoms of hypothermia
Shivering, pale, cool, puffy skin, slow pulse, diminished pain sensation
Fever meds (not NSAIDS)
Tylenol- Acetaminophen
Fever med examples (NSAIDS)
Aspirin - ASA - acetylsalicylic acid
Advil/Motrin- ibuprofen
Aleve- naprosyn
NSAID definition
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Normal adult pulse
60-100
tachycardia
pulse more than 100
bradycardia
pulse less than 60
PMI (pulse)
point of maximum beats
Apical placement
left 5th intercostal space, slightly medial
Digoxin side effects
Anorexia, Bradycardia, Confusion, green and yellow halo, nausea and vomiting
Newborn normal heart rate
120-160
1-2 years normal heart rate
80-130
3-12 year normal heart rate
75-120
Venous blood
blue blood, with O2
Blocked arteries causes (5 p’s)
pain, paresthesia pallor, no pulse, paralysis
Eupnea
regular resp. rate
regular resp. rate
eupnea
Tachypenea
rapid resp. rate
rapid resp. rate
tachypenea
bradypnea
slow resp. rate
slow resp. rate
bradypnea
apnea
lack of resp. rate
Cheyne-Skokes
off and on breathing, seen before death
Kussmaul
off and on breathing with slight breaths in between
Hyperventilation
fast breathing, high O2 and high CO2
Hypoventilation
slow breathing, holding in a lot of CO2
Dyspnea
difficulty breathing
difficulty breathing
dyspnea
Orthopnea - what they need
to sit up in order to breathe
Stridor
high pitched wheezing caused by disrupted or blocked trachea or blocked airflow to larynx
high pitched wheezing caused by disrupted or blocked trachea or blocked airflow to larynx
stridor
Hypocapnia
low CO2
low CO2
hypocapnia
Hypercapnia
high CO2
High CO2
Hypercapnia
Hypoxia
Low O2
Hyperoxnia
high O2
GFR
grunting, flaring (nostrils), retractions
when to not take blood pressure on an arm
in presence of a mastectomy, in an arm with av fistula (shunt)
AV fistula (shunt) sound and feel
Thrill and Bruit
Hypovolemic shock
low fluid or blood volume
Anaphylactic shock and type of med to treat it
release of histamine causes vessel to widen and BP to drop (use antihistamine such as benadryl to treat)
Septic Shock and med to treat them with
release of the pathogen causes BP to drop - treat with antibiotics
Histamine response to Benadryl
Pruritus, erythema, urticaria, rhinitis, watery eyes
Histamine response to Epi
closes bronchioles in the lungs, dilated blood vessel (vasodilation), inflammation
Pruritis
Itching
Erythema
Redness
Urticaria
Hives
Rhinitis
runny nose
Itching
Pruritis
Redness
Erythema
Hives
Urticaria
Runny nose
Rhinitis
When to give Digoxin
only when heart rate is above 60!!!
Hypertension blood pressure numbers
150 over 90
hypotension blood pressure numbers
90 over 50
Postural hypotension
sudden but temporary drop in BP due to posture change
Orthostatic hypotension
Sudden but temporary drop in blood pressure due to dehydration and posture change.
What does mottled skin signify?
poor circulation
