Vital Signs

Question 1

Normal oral temp for adults (F)

Answer 1

98-98.6

Question 2

Normal oral temp for adults (C)

Answer 2

36.2-37.6

Question 3

Normal pulse range

Answer 3

60-100bpm

Question 4

Pulse average

Answer 4

80 bpm

Question 5

Blood Pressure normal range

Answer 5

<120mm Hg systolic and <80 mm Hg diastolic

Question 6

Normal Respirations range

Answer 6

12-20 breaths per minute

Question 7

Thermoregulation is the process of

Answer 7

Maintaining a stable internal body temperature

Question 8

Production of body heat

Answer 8

Metabolism
Skeletal muscle movement
Non- shivering thermogenesis

Question 9

Radiation

Answer 9

Loss of heat from surfaces that are warmer than the surrounding air

Question 10

Convection

Answer 10

Transfer of heat through currents of air or water

Question 11

Evaporation

Answer 11

Occurs when water is converted to vapor and lost from the skin or mucous

Question 12

Conduction

Answer 12

Process where heat is transferred from a warm to a cool surface by direct contact

Question 13

Factors that influence body temp

Answer 13

Developmental level
Environment
Gender
Exercise
Emotions and stress
Circadian rhythm

Question 14

Fever is also known as

Answer 14

Pyrexia

Question 15

Hyperpyrexia

Answer 15

Fever greater than 105.8 degrees Fahrenheit
Dangerous level

Question 16

Hyperthermia

Answer 16

Body temperature higher than normal

Question 17

Why does hyperthermia occur?

Answer 17

Because the body cannot promote heat loss fast enough to balance heat production or high environmental temperatures

Question 18

Examples of hypothermia

Answer 18

Core temperature below normal

Question 19

Why does hypothermia occur and what are some examples?

Answer 19

Exposure to cold, ex. Extreme weather, immersion in cold water, or lack of shelter and clothing.

Question 20

Perfusion

Answer 20

The continuous supply of oxygenated blood through the blood vessels to the vital organs

Question 21

Pulse

Answer 21

The rhythmic expansion of an artery produced, when a bolus of oxygenated blood is forced into it by contraction of the heart.

Question 22

How is pulse rate measured?

Answer 22

Bpms

Question 23

Bradycardia

Answer 23

<60 bpm

Question 24

Tachycardia

Answer 24

<100 bpm

Question 25

Irregular pulse rhythm

Answer 25

Dysrhythmia

Question 26

Pulse quality

Answer 26

0- absent pulse 1- weak or thread pulse 2- normal quality 3- bounding or full

Question 27

List factors that influence pulse rate

Answer 27

Developmental level, gender, exercise, food, stress, disease, blood loss, position, changes, and medication‘s.

Question 28

Pallor

Answer 28

Paleness of skin, when compared with another part of the body

Question 29

Cyanosis

Answer 29

Bluish or gray is discoloration of the skin due to excessive carbon dioxide and defficient oxygen in the blood

Question 30

Two signs of inadequate perfusion

Answer 30

Pallor, cyanosis

Question 31

Respiration

Answer 31

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body

Question 32

What are the two separate processes of respiration

Answer 32

Mechanical Chemical External respiration Gas transport Internal respiration

Question 33

During inspiration the lungs ____ and the diaphragm _____

Answer 33

Expand; contract

Question 34

During expiration the lungs ______ and the diaphragm ______

Answer 34

Recoil; relax

Question 35

Apnea

Answer 35

Cessation of breathing

Question 36

Bradypnea

Answer 36

Abnormally slow breathing

Question 37

Tachypnea

Answer 37

Abnormally fast breathing

Question 38

Examples of irregular/ abnormal breathing patterns

Answer 38

Cheyenne-strokes, Biot, Kussmals

Question 39

Dyspnea

Answer 39

Labored breathing

Question 40

Orthopnea

Answer 40

Inability to breathe when horizontal

Question 41

Hypoxia

Answer 41

Inadequate cellular respiration

Question 42

Signs of hypoxia include:

Answer 42

Pallor or cyanosis Confusion, restlessness Dizziness Fatigue Change in Vitals

Question 43

Hyperventilation

Answer 43

Rapid and deep breathing in excess loss of CO2

Question 44

Hypoventilation

Answer 44

The rate and depth of respiration are decreased and CO2 is retained

Question 45

Oxygenation

Answer 45

Measuring the amount of oxygen in the blood

Question 46

Perfusion

Answer 46

Blood pressure

Question 47

BP

Answer 47

Pressure of the blood as it is forced against arterial walls during cardiac contraction Measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Mg) Recorded as systolic pressure over diastolic pressure

Question 48

Why is adequate BP necessary

Answer 48

To support tissue perfusion

Question 49

BP regulation factors

Answer 49

Cardiac function/ output Peripheral vascular resistance Blood volume

Question 50

Non modifiable factors that influence BP

Answer 50

Developmental stage, gender, family history, race, diseases, genetics

Question 51

Modifiable factors that influence BP

Answer 51

Lifestyle/exercise, body position, stress, pain, obesity, daily variations, medications

Question 52

Nurses can delegate the ______ of taking vital signs, but the nurse is responsible for ________ of vital signs and decisions based on abnormal vital sign findings.

Answer 52

Activity;interpretation

Question 53

Do you have delegated vital signs to the unlicensed assistive personnel. The assistant informs you that the patient has just finished a bowl of hot soup. The nurses appropriate advice would be to do which of the following? A. Take a rectal temperature. B. Take oral temp as planned. C. Advised the patient to drink a glass of cold water. D. Wait 30 minutes and take an oral temp.

Answer 53

D. Wait 30 minutes and take an oral temp.

Question 54

Do you notice that a teenager has an irregular pulse. What should the nurse do first? A. Read the history and physical. B. Assess the apical pulse rate for one full minute. C. Auscultate strength and depth of pulse D. Ask whether the patient feels any palpitation or shortness of breath.

Answer 54

B. Asses the apocalypse pulse rate for one full minute

Question 55

A postoperative patient is breathing rapidly. You should immediately do which of the following? A. A call the physician. B. count respirations. C. Assess the oxygen saturation. D ask the patient if he feels uncomfortable.

Answer 55

B. Count respirations

Question 56

When assessing the blood pressure of a school, aged child, using an adult cuff of normal size, will affect the reading, and produce a value that is which of the following? A. Accurate B. Indistinct. C. Falsely low. D. Falsely high

Answer 56

D. Falsely hiGh