vital signs Flashcards
range systolic BP
100-140mmHg
rage diastolic BP
60-90mmHg
Hypertension
BP greater tham 140/90mmHg
Hypotension
BP below 100/60mmHg
causes of Hypertension
Age Smoking Obesity High cholesterol Kidney disease Stress/emotions Drugs
causes of Hypotension
Blood loss Medications Allergy Low heart rate Nausea (stimulates vagus nerve) Heart failure/Enlarged heart
Postural Hypotension
refers to a significandt drop in BP, may experience when standing up. causes dizziness, light headedness and/or collapsing
what to look for when checking pulse
pulse rhythm, rate, force
where to check pulse
Radial artery
Brachial artery
Carotid artery
Femoral artery
pulse range
adults- 60-100 bpm
children 90-120bpm
infants 120-140bpm
tachycardia
HR above 100bpm, cause by, exercise, strong emotions, pain, fever, sever blood loss, dehydration, curtain medical conditions
bradycardia
HR less than 60bpm caused by, age, relaxation/ sleep, curtain medical conditions, fitness level, medications, prolonged severe fasting, heart dysrhythmias
observations of tempreature
skin warmths, moistmess. colour, clothing (based on environment), wounds
factors affecting temperature
age, exercise, hormones, stress/emotions, environment, diet, infection
temp ranges
Oral: 36-37.2C
Axilla 36-37C
Tympanic 35.5-37.6C
respiratory rate
adult 12-20 breaths
child 20-28 breaths
infant 20-30 breaths
infant <2 28-40 breaths
Tachypnoea
high respiratory rate, caused by exercise, stress, anxiety, hypoxia
Bradypnoea
slow respiratory rate, caused by, sedation, medications, head injury
pulse oximetry/O2 saturation
95-100%
low O2 saturation
Lung diseases Chest infection/pneumonia Smoker Cool peripheries Absent peripheral pulse Pulmonary oedema
