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Pcol lab 2 > Vital sign > Flashcards

Vital sign Flashcards

1
Q

Vital sign classic 4

A

Temperature
Pulse
Respiration
Blood pressure

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2
Q

Body Temperature

• Expected: __ with an average of

A

97.20 to 99.9 °F (36.20 to 37.7 °C) with an average of 98.6 °F (37.0 oC)

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3
Q

An oral temperature above __, a rectal or ear (aural)

temperature above ___, or an axillary temp of __ is considered a fever

A

100.4 °F (38 °C)
101 °F (38.3 °C)
≥ 37.8 °C(100.04 °F)

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4
Q

Ways to measure the body temperature:

A 
⇒ ORALLY
⇒ RECTALLY
⇒ AXILLARY
⇒ BY EAR
⇒ BY SKIN
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5
Q

rectally tend to be __ higher than when taken by mouth.

A

0.5 to 0.7 degrees °F

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6
Q

temperatures taken by this route tend to be __

lower than those temperatures taken by mouth

A

0.3 to 0.4 degrees °F

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7
Q

FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING

A 
o Site the temp was taken
o Factitious Fever
o Diurnal Rhythm
o Circamensal Rhythm
o Physical Fitness and Age
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8
Q

o Daily elevated temperature (>38 °C or 100.4 °F)

o Returns to baseline but not to normal

A

Remittent fever

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9
Q

o Return to baseline and to normal

A

Intermittent Fever (Periodic Fever)

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10
Q

PFAPA Syndrome:

A

Fever every 3-4 weeks

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11
Q

Relapsing Fever (Borrelia species)

A

Every 2-3 weeks

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12
Q

Malaria

A

every other or every third day

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13
Q

Rat Bite Fever

A

every 3 to 5 days

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14
Q

Cyclic Neutropenia

A

Fever every 3 weeks

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15
Q

self-induced fever

A

Factitious fever

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16
Q

multiple febrile attacks lasting about 6 days, separated by afebrile periods (usually infection like TB, malaria)

A

Relapsing fever

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17
Q

fever accompanied by chills, RUQ pain, and jaundice (due to stones obstructing common duct)

A

Charcot’s intermittent fever

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18
Q

fever characterized by a daily afternoon spike, often with facial flushing; usually seen with TB

A

Hectic fever:

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19
Q

fever of some duration without remissions; usually seen with gram (-)sepsis or CNS damage

A

Continued or sustained fever

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20
Q

febrile period lasting no more than one or two days

A

Ephemeral fever

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21
Q

a temp greater than 105 degrees °F or 40.6 degrees °

A

Hyperpyrexia

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22
Q

for every degree of increased temp, the pulse is increased by bpm

A

10

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23
Q

a measurement of the heart rate, or the number of times

the heart beats per minute.

A

pulse rate

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24
Q

Sites to measure puls

A 
Poplitea
Posterior tibial
Brachial
Carotid
Dorsalis pedis
femoral
radial
Temporal
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25
Q

pulse rate becomes faster during inspiration and slows

down during expiratio

A

Sinus Arrhythmic

26
Q

more commonly indicative of processes like

atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation

A

Irregularly irregular pattern

27
Q

unsynchronized pulse between radial and

femoral pulses.

A

Coarctation of the aorta

28
Q

the number of breaths a person takes per minute

A

Respiration rate

29
Q

breaths per minute in an average adult

A

12 to 20

30
Q

is the complete cessation of airflow to the lungs for a total of 15 seconds

A

Apnea

31
Q

is described as an increased depth of breathing and is seen during exercise and in anxiety states, lung infections, and congestive heart fail

A

Hyperpnea

32
Q

→ is described as both increased in the rate and depth of breathing and can again be seen in anxiety states like anxiety or due to exercise
but is also seen in pathological conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or lactic
acidosis

A

Hyperventilation

33
Q

is characterized by shallow respirations. It is a hallmark of impending respiratory failure or of obesity-hypoventilation (AKA: Pickwickian syndrome)

A

Hypopnea

34
Q

is a condition where there are periods of increased rate and depth of breathing, followed by periods of no breathing or apnea

A

Biot respiration

35
Q

is a peculiar pattern of breathing where there is an

increase in the depth of ventilation followed by periods of no breathing or apnea.

A

• Cheyne-Stokes respiration

36
Q

is a peculiar pattern of breathing where there is an increase in the depth of ventilation followed by periods of no breathing or apnea.

A

• Cheyne-Stokes respiration

37
Q

Kussmaul breathing

A 
⇒ Methanol poisoning 
⇒ Aspirin intoxication 
⇒ Ketoacidosis 
⇒ Ethylene glycol ingestion 
⇒ Uremia 
⇒ Paraldehyde administration 
⇒ Lactic acidosis
38
Q

Kussmaul breathing

A 
⇒ Methanol poisoning 
⇒ Aspirin intoxication 
⇒ Ketoacidosis 
⇒ Ethylene glycol ingestion 
⇒ Uremia 
⇒ Paraldehyde administration 
⇒ Lactic acidosis
39
Q

refers to difficulty in respiration occurring on lying horizontal but gets better when the patient sits up or stands It is seen characteristically in
congestive heart failure.

A

Orthopnea

40
Q

Normal breathing rate and pattern

A

Eupnoea

41
Q

Increased respiratory rate

A

Tachypnea

42
Q

Decreased respiratory rate

A

Bradypnea

43
Q

Absence of breathing

A

Apnoea

44
Q

Increased depth and rate of breathing

A

Hyperpnoea

45
Q

Gradual increase and decreases in respirators with periods of apnoea

A

Cheyne’s stoke

46
Q

Abnormal breathing pattern with group/clusters of rapid respiration of equal depth and regular apnoea periods

A

Biots

47
Q

tachypnoea and hyperpnoea

A

Kassmaul’s

48
Q

the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart

A

Blood pressure

49
Q

Two numbers are recorded when measuring blood pressure

A

Diastolic, systolic

50
Q

refers to the pressure inside the artery when the

heart contracts and pumps blood through the body

A

systolic

51
Q

refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood.

A

diastolic

52
Q

BP recorded as

A

“mm Hg” (millimeters of mercury).

53
Q

Device used to measure blood pressure

A

mercury manometer

or sphygmomanometer

54
Q

pressure readings unsupported arms

A

10 mmHg

55
Q

crossed legs

A

2-4 mmHg

56
Q

unsupported back and feet

A

6 mmHg

57
Q

providers not paying full attention

A

10 mmHg

58
Q

for full bladder

A

10 mmHg

59
Q

occurs when the ventricles contract and the tricuspid and mitral (AV) valves close

A

Systole

60
Q 
It is a measure of cardiac output and how hard the heart is working to eject 
the blood (stroke volume)
A

Systole

61
Q

occurs when the ventricles relax and the tricuspid and mitral valves open

A

Diastole

62
Q

measure of the peripheral vascular resistance (resting

resistance)

A

Diastolic pressure

Pcol lab 2 (2 decks)

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