Vit. K and B-Vitamins

Question 1

Polioencephalomalcia

Answer 1

Cerebrocortical necrosis, brain autoflouresce under UV Depressed, medial strabismus, blind 1. Rumen bacteria produce thiaminases 2. Happens under acidotic conditions (High grain finishing diets)

Question 2

Equine Uveitis – Riboflavin Deficiency is one cause

Answer 2

Periodic opthalmia or moonblindness ____ deficiency occasional cause of uveitis

Question 3

Poultry Riboflavin deficiency

Answer 3

Hocks in contact with ground and toes curled in –> Curled toe paralysis

Question 4

Monogastric Mammal Riboflavin deficiency

Answer 4

Opthalmic problems including photophobia

Question 5

Chastek Paralysis

Answer 5

Fox, marine mammals, mink, and cats Diets that contain raw bullhead, herring, whitefish, and carp Caused by thiaminase activity in fish

Question 6

Choline Deficiency

Answer 6

Fatty Liver

Question 7

Biotin Deficiency

Answer 7

1. Cats, minks, foxes - (High Fat - Rancid Diets) Scaly dermatitis around the mouth and eyes 2. Raw egg white diets – Avidin binds to ___ 3. Poor Hoof Growth in cattle and horses

Question 8

Niacin Deficiency

Answer 8

Pellagra (Black Tongue): 1. Diets that rely on corn 2. Poor source of tryptophan – Can’t produce ___ and ___ is bound up in corn Ketosis and Fatty Liver 1. ___ is anti-lipolytic

Question 9

Vit K Antagonists

Answer 9

Anti-coagulant Rodenticides: Dicoumarol and Warfarin 1. Block regeneration of reduced form of ___ Sweet Clover – Coumarins Fish Diets (Especially Cats) Long-Term Antibiotics (Kills Gut production from microbes) NSAIDs in horses = Releases coumarin type of anti-coagulants

Question 10

Pantothenic Acid Deficiency

Answer 10

RARE Only in poultry – Fast Passage 1. Decreased egg hatchability and embryonic death 2. Scaly legs, crusts/scabs at angle of beak and eyes Pigs = Goose Stepping (BOARD EXAM – RARE)

Question 11

Folic Acid Antagonists

Answer 11

Sulfonamides and Ethopabate Coccidiostats

Question 12

Bracken Fern Poisoning

Answer 12

Plant with Thiaminase #1 Type

Question 13

Folate Deficiency

Answer 13

Poultry (High Rate of Passage) 1. Reduced growth, poor hair coat and poor feather development 2. MACROcytic, hypochromic anemia 3. “Slipped Tendon” Perosis in Poultry (1 of many causes)

Question 14

Thiamine (B1) Deficiency

Answer 14

1. Neuritis = Uncoordinated gait, Opisthotonus (Bridging or arching of neck) 2. Poor Growth/Nerve Function 3. Cardiomegaly

Question 15

Thiamine (B1) Deficiency Causes

Answer 15

1. Inadequate Amount 2. Thiaminases 3. Thiamine Destruction

Question 16

Amprolium

Answer 16

Coccidiostat Prolonged high dosages can cause thiamine deficiency in host

Question 17

Vit K Deficiency

Answer 17

Reduce prothrombin content of blood 1. Coagulation time increased and hemorrhages often occur in any part of body

Question 18

Pyridoxine Deficiency

Answer 18

1. Ataxia, convulsions and muscle twitching – Upset neurotransmitter metabolism 2. Deficiency is RARE, but seen in newly hatched chicks