Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Neuro > Visual System Eye Movements > Flashcards

Visual System Eye Movements Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of eye movement?

A

Voluntary

Involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is eye movements necessary for?

A

Necessary for acquiring and tracking visual stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What facilitates eye movements?

A

Facilitated by the six extraocular muscles innervated by the three cranial nerves (III, IV and VI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What his Duction?

A

Eye Movement in One Eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Version?

A

Simultaneous movement of both eyes in the same direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Vergence?

A

Simultaneous movement of both eyes in the opposite direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Convergence?

A

Simultaneous adduction (inward) movement in both eyes when viewing a near object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two different speeds?

A

Saccade- short, fast burst

Smooth Pursuit - sustains slow movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of saccade?

A

Reflexive saccade to external stimuli
Scanning saccade
Predictive saccade to track objects
Memory-guided saccade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the features of smooth pursuit?

A

Slow movement – up to 60°/s

Driven by motion of a moving target across the retina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 4 straight eye muscles?

A

Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the superior rectus do?

A

Attached to the eye at 12 o’clock

Moves the eye up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the inferior rectus do?

A

Attached to the eye at 6 o’clock

Moves the eye down.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the lateral rectus do?

A

Also called the external rectus
Attaches on the temporal side of the eye
Moves the eye toward the outside of the head (toward the temple)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Medial Rectus do?

A

Also called the internal rectus
Attached on the nasal side of the eye
Moves the eye toward the middle of the head (toward the nose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the superior oblique do?

A

Attached high on the temporal side of the eye.
Passes under the Superior Rectus.
Moves the eye in a diagonal pattern down and out
Travels through the trochlea

17
Q

What does the inferior oblique do?

A

Attached low on the nasal side of the eye.
Passes over the Inferior Rectus.
Moves the eye in a diagonal pattern - up and out.

18
Q

What is the superior branch of the third cranial nerve responsible for?

A

Superior Rectus – elevates eye

levator palpebrae superioris - raises eyelid (not shown)

19
Q

What is the inferior branch of the third cranial nerve responsible for?

A

Inferior Rectus – depresses eye
Medial Rectus – adducts eye
Inferior Oblique – elevates eye
Parasympathetic Nerve – constricts pupil

20
Q

What is the trochlear nerve responsible for?

A

Superior Oblique – depresses eye

21
Q

What is the abducens nerve responsible for?

A

Lateral Rectus – abducts eye

22
Q

How do we test eye movements?

A

Extraocular Muscle Testing – Isolate muscle to be tested by maximizing its action and minimizing the action of other muscles

23
Q

What movements correspond to each muscle? (isolation testing)

A

Abduction – Lateral Rectus

Adduction – Medial Rectus

Elevated and Abducted – Superior Rectus

Depressed and Abducted – Inferior Rectus

Elevated and Adducted – Inferior Oblique

Depressed and Adducted – Superior Oblique

24
Q

What is the name given to upwards movement of eyes?

A

Up (Elevation)
Supraduction – one eye
Supraversion – both eyes

25
Q

What is the name given to downwards movement of eyes?

A

Down (Depression)
Infraduction – one eye
Infraversion – both eyes

26
Q

What is the name given to right movement of eyes?

A

Right – Dextroversion
Right Abduction
Left Adduction

27
Q

What is the name given to left movement of eyes?

A

Left – Levoversion
Right Adduction
Left Abduction

28
Q

What is torsion?

A

Rotation of eye around the anterior-posterior axis of the eye

29
Q

What are the main features of third nerve palsy?

A 
Affected eye down and out
Droopy eyelid (loss of elevator palpebrae superioris)
Unopposed superior oblique innervated by fourth nerve (down)
Unopposed lateral rectus action innervated by sixth nerve (out)
30
Q

What are the main features of sixth nerve palsy?

A

Affected eye unable to abduct and deviates inwards

Double vision worsen on gazing to the side of the affected eye

31
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

Oscillatory eye movement

32
Q

What is optokinetic nystagmus?

A

Smooth Pursuit + Fast Phase Reset Saccade

33
Q

Why is optokinetic nystagmus useful?

A

useful in testing visual acuity in pre-verbal children by observing the presence of nystagmus movement in response to moving grating patterns of various spatial frequencies

Presence of Optokinetic Nystagmus in response to moving grating signifies that the subject has sufficient visual acuity to perceive the grating pattern

Year 2 Neuro (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions