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Clinical Visual Biology > Visual System 1 > Flashcards

Visual System 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the outer fibrous layer of the eye consist of? (3)

A

cornea
limbus
sclera

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2
Q

Two characteristics of the cornea?

A

transparent

main refractive component

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3
Q

Two characteristics of the limbus?

A

transition zone

aqueous humour drainage

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4
Q

Two characteristics of the sclera?

A

opaque

protects and supports eyeball

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5
Q

What does the middle vascular layer of the eye consist of? (3)

A

Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid

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6
Q

The outer layer of the eye is a __________ layer; The middle layer of the eye is a _________ layer: The inner layer is _________.

A

outer layer is fibrous

middle layer is vascular

inner layer is neural

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7
Q

middle vascular layer is also known as ________ and the inner neural layer is also known as the _____-

A

the uveal tract

the retina

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8
Q

state two characteristics of the iris

A

forms PUPIL

controls amount of light entering eye

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9
Q

state two characteristics of the ciliary body

A

accommodation

secretes aqueous humour

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10
Q

state two characteristics of the choroid

A

nourishes retina

absorbs stray light

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11
Q

What does the inner neural layer of the eye consist of?

A

ora serrata
retina
optic nerve

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12
Q

what is the term given to the “blind terminal part of the retina” ?

A

ora serrata

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13
Q

which part of the eye is light sensitive?

A

retina

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14
Q

RODS and CONES are found in the ?

A

retina

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15
Q

Function of RODS in retina?

A

RODS predominate in periphery (detection)

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16
Q

Function of CONES in retina?

A

CONES predominate in fovea (identification)

17
Q

what leaves via the optic disc?

A

optic nerve

18
Q

what is the optic nerve?

A

optic nerve contains nerve fibres that leave eye via optic disc

19
Q

describe the aqueous humour in the eyeball media

A

aqueous humour:

  • transparent fluid
  • nourishes cornea and lens
  • intraocular pressure
  • refractive component
20
Q

describe the crystalline lens in the eyeball media

A
  • transparent & biconvex
  • refractive component
  • accommodation
21
Q

describe the vitreous body in the eyeball media

A
  • transparent gel
  • mechanically supports crystalline lens & retina
  • refractive component
22
Q

where is the anterior segment of the eye situated?

A

area between cornea & crystalline lens

23
Q

the anterior segment of the eye contains __________ _______ and is divided by ______ into anterior chamber of ______ volume and a __________ chamber of ______ volume.

A 
aqueous humour 
iris
0.2ml
posterior chamber 
0.06ml
24
Q

what is the posterior segment of the eye?

A

the area between crystalline lens and retina

25
Q

what does the posterior segment contain?

A

vitreous body

26
Q

name the poles and axis of the eyeball (4)

A
  • anterior and posterior pole

- visual axis and optic (geometric) axis

27
Q

state three features of eyelids and lashes?

A
  • protect eye
  • assist tear distribution & drainage
  • nourish cornea at night
28
Q

define adnexa?

A

seen externally part/s of eye

29
Q

__________ wets and lubricates cornea and inside of eyelid

A

conjuctivita

30
Q

lacrimal apparatus assists in ____________ _______ and __________ _______

A

lacrimal apparatus assists in tear production and tear drainage

31
Q

what produces tears

A

the lacrimal gland

32
Q

what causes tear drainage (4)

A
  • lacrima puncta
  • lacrimal canaliculi
  • lacrimal sac
  • nasolacrimal duct
33
Q

the extraocular muscles of the adnexa allow…

A

the extra ocular muscles of adnexa allow more rapid access to a larger visual field than possible with fixed eyes

34
Q

name all extraocular muscles of adnexa?

A

four pairs of recti:
medial, lateral, superior, inferior

two pairs of obliques: Inferior, superior,

levator palpebrae superioris raises upper lid

35
Q

state all 6 visual pathways

A
  • optic nerve
  • chiasm
  • optic tract
  • lateral geniculate nucleus
  • lateral geniculate nucleus
  • optic radiation
  • visual cortex

Clinical Visual Biology (2 decks)

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