Visual Reflexes

Question 1

causes pupils to constrict immediately when exposed to bright light.
 This can be seen as a direct reflex, in which constriction occurs in the eye exposed to the light, or as an indirect or consensual reflex, in which exposure to light in one eye results in constriction of the pupil in the opposite eye.
 These protective reflexes, mediated by the oculomotor nerve, prevent damage to the delicate photoreceptors by excessive light.

Answer 1

Papillary light reflex

Question 2

a functional reflex allowing the eyes to focus on near objects.
 This is accomplished through movement of the ciliary muscles, causing an increase in the curvature of the lens.
 This change in shape of the lens is not visible. However, convergence of the eyes and constriction of the pupils occur simultaneously and can be seen

Answer 2

Accommodation