Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain and Cognition > Visual Perception > Flashcards

Visual Perception Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Where are the cones and rods located?

A

They are visual receptor cells located in the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a cone?

A

Responsible for colour and detail perception and is located in the fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a rod?

A

Responsible for vision in dim light and is located in the periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do the cones send their input?

A

To retinal ganglion cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is reception?

A

The absorption of physical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is transduction?

A

Physical energy is converted into an electrochemical pattern in the neuron’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is coding?

A

One to one correspondence between aspects of the physical stimulus and aspects of the resultant nervous system activity ?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 steps involved in from eye to cortex?

A

Reception to transduction to coding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the parvocellular pathway?

A

It is sensitive to colour and fine detail and most input comes from cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the magnocelluar pathway?

A

Most sensitive to motion and most input comes from rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are the visual fields and hemispheres connected?

A

LVF -> RH
RVF -> LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are V1 & V2 responsible for?

A

Basic visual processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are V3 & V3A responsible for?

A

Form perception (especially moving stimuli)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is V4 responsible for?

A

Colour perception and shape perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is V5 responsible for?

A

Motion perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is LOC responsible for?

A

Object perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are OFA and FFA responsible for?

A

Face perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Given functional specialisation, how is visual information combined and integrated?

A

Binding visual features together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the binding-by-synchrony hypothesis?

A

Neurons that code difference dimensions start to oscillate in synchrony. It is unclear how and why such synchrony might occur and precise synchrony is implausible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the ventral stream in the perception-action model?

A

‘What’ pathway, vision-for-perception, allocentric coding, sustained representation, usually conscious awareness and input from the fovea

21
Q

What is the dorsal stream in the perception action model?

A

‘Where’ pathway, vision for action, egocentric coding, short-lived representations, usually unconscious

22
Q

What is the Muller-Lyer illusion?

A

Both vertical lines are the same length however the arrows on the end are facing opposite directions.

23
Q

What was the findings from Bruno from the Muller-Lyer illusion?

A

When pointing (using vision for action system) illusion size wa 5.5% however when verbalising a response (vision for perception), the illusion size was 22.4%.

24
Q

What is the Ebbinghaus illusion?

A

Both centre circles are the same size but the one in the top figure looks larger than the one in the bottom.

25
Q

When is the illusion larger?

A

With the vision for perception system than vision for action system.

26
Q

Which stream does grasping objects require?

A

Requires both the ventral stream as well as the dorsal strea, when information from memory required to control grasping movements and conceptual knowledge needed to make most appropriate grapsing movement

27
Q

What are the two dorsal systems?

A

Dorso-dorsal system and Ventro-dorsal system

28
Q

What is the dorso-dorsal system?

A

Used to grasp objects rapidly

29
Q

What is the ventro-dorsal system?

A

It uses memorised object knowledge to use objects appropriately

30
Q

What is the intuitive approach?

A

Vision - perception - action

31
Q

What is hue?

A

The colour itself e.g. distinguished red from yellow

32
Q

What is brightness?

A

The perceived intensity of light.

33
Q

What is saturation?

A

Allows us to determine whether a colour is vivid or pale - influenced by the amount of white present

34
Q

What is colour constancy?

A

Perceived colour remains the same despite changes in the wavelengths in illuminant

35
Q

What is chromatic adaption?

A

Sensitivity to illuminate of any given colour decreases over time

36
Q

What is the retinex theory?

A

Observers compare light reflected from a surface against that reflected from adjacent surfaces

37
Q

What are the 6 monocular cues?

A

Linear perspective, texture, interposition, familiar size, blur and motion parallax

38
Q

What is linear perspective in relation to depth perception?

A

Based on laws of optics

39
Q

What is texture in relation to depth perception?

A

Objects slanting away have a texture gradient

40
Q

What is interposition in relation to depth perception?

A

Nearer objects hides part of a more distant one

41
Q

What is familiar size in relation to depth perception

A

The distance of familiar objects is easier to judge than that of unfamiliar ones

42
Q

What is motion parallax in relation to depth perception

A

Movement in one part of retinal image relative to another

43
Q

What is stereopsis (binocular cue)?

A

It enhances depth perception and allows us to see the environment three-dimensionally. It is based on slight difference or disparity between the two retinal images. It is very powerful at short distances only and individuals with amblyopia (lazy eye) have impaired stereoscopic depth perception.

44
Q

What is additivity?

A

Information from all cues is combined or integrated

45
Q

What is selection?

A

Information from a single cue is used, with information from the other cues being ignored

46
Q

What is perceived size proportional to?

A

Retinal size and perceived distance

47
Q

What does subliminal perception involve?

A

Subjective measure and object measure

48
Q

What is subjective measure?

A

Observers failure to report awareness of a stimulus

49
Q

What is objective measure?

A

Observers ability to make accurate forced-choice decisions about a stimulus

Brain and Cognition (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions