Visual Labs & Diagnostics Flashcards
Why is it important to learn the anatomy and functions of the eye?
Because we will see it on the HESI/N-CLEX… study up! :)
What is the function of the ________?
It is a big hole on the front of the eyeball that allows light to get in
pupil
What is the purpose of the lens?
It helps with accommodation.
What is the purpose of the _______?
It protects the inside structures of the eye with a coated covering.
cornea
This part of the eye is pale and loses the line of demarcation when the patient is anemic:
Conjunctiva
Thin, wet, tissue-like consistency describes what part of the eye?
Retina
What is the purpose of the _________?
To receive and organize visual information
retina
What covers the back of the eyeball?
the retina
The vitreous body (humor) sits between what two parts of the eye?
the lens and the retina. It is a clear gel tissue.
Visual Acuity Testing measures:
a. Far vision
b. Near & Far vision
c. Near vision
d. Peripheral vision
b. Near & Far vision
Name the 2 types of Visual Acuity Testing
Snellen Chart
Miniature Eye chart (pocket chart)
Snellen Chart testing measures what type of vision?
Far vision
How far away do you read the letters on the chart?
20 feet
What does 20/50 vision indicate?
a patient can see at 20 feet from the chart what a healthy eye sees at 50 feet.
What eyesight vision is preferred?
20/20 vision
The miniature eye chart measures Far vision:
True or False
False. It measures near vision
How far is the miniature eye chart/pocket chart held from the eye?
a. 6 inches
b. 20 inches
c. 14 inches
d. 16 inches
c. 14 inches from the eyes
Name the 3 candidates for a Visual Acuity test:
- Patient needing a routine screening
- Patient with cataracts
- Patient with retinal detachment
This test allows the view into the fundus of the eye:
Ophthalmoscopy
What can be seen using an ophthalmoscope?
- Red reflex
- Optic disc
- Optic blood vessels
- Fundus
- Macula
Describe the procedure for an Ophthalmoscopy
- Darken room to dilate the pupil
- Move the ophthalmoscope in from 12-15 inches away and move to the side of patient’s line of vision
Name 2 candidates for an ophthalmoscopy:
- Patients in for a routine exam
2. Patient with Glaucoma
What test might one see “optic disc cupping” ?
Ophthalmoscopy (a patient with Glaucoma)
In a patient with glaucoma, the optic disc cup gets _____.
a. smaller
b. larger
b. larger
This test quantifies vision loss associated with light scatter:
Glare Testing
Glare testing can be done for patients who have trouble with what kind of vision issues?
Driving at night or in the rain because of the glare it can cause coming from headlights
Name 1 candidate for Glare testing:
a patient with cataracts
This vision test magnifies the anterior eye structures with a low powered microscope:
a. Snellen chart test
b. Goniscopy
c. IOP testing
d. Slit Lamp Test
d. Slit Lamp test
Name 4 candidates for a Slit lamp test:
Patient with:
- Cataracts (to see white/opaque lens)
- Retinal detachment
- Glaucoma (to distinguish between open angle and closed angle)
- Macular degeneration
What does IOP stand for?
Intraocular Pressure
IOP Testing uses what device to measure the IOP?
Tonometer
side note: the covered end of the probe touches anesthetized corneal surfaces
What is the normal IOP reading?
a. 16-20 mm Hg
b. 10-21 mm Hg
c. 5-10 mm Hg
d. 10-16 mm Hg
b. 10-21 mm Hg
Who should undergo IOP testing?
- all patients 40 years and older
2. familial history (test 1-2x per year)
An increase in IOP could be indicative of what onset?
Glaucoma (silent disease)
This device is the gold standard for IOP testing:
Goldman’s applanation tonometer
The two instruments that are currently being used for IOP testing are:
Goldman’s applanation tonometer
Tono-Pen
If a high IOP is found, a _________ (test) is performed to determine whether open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma is present
Gonioscopy
A Gonioscopy allows visualization where the ______ meets the ______.
iris; cornea
A Gonioscopy gives an indication of what is going on in the ______ part of the eyeball.
anterior
The other imaging assessments of the eye can include (4):
- CT
- MRI
- Radioisotope
- Ultrasonography
All are painless and do not require special follow-ups
