Visual Illusions Flashcards

1
Q

visual perception

A

the activity by which an organism uses its eyes to obtain information about its environment and about itself in relation to its environment

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2
Q

visual illusions

A

when visual perception makes mistakes that are large enough to be surprising

  • help predict circumstances under which vision fails
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3
Q

object recognition

A

what things are

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4
Q

properties of things

A

size, shape, color, orientation

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5
Q

space perception (spatial layout)

A

where things are; how things are arranged relative to each other

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6
Q

absolute (metric) egocentric distance

A

where things are

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7
Q

selective adaptation (response to motion)

A
  • motion detectors (neurons) become sensitive/fatigued to a stimulus after prolonged exposure
  • neurons adapt by decreasing rate of firing and firing less when stimulus is presented again
  • adaptation causes us to be perceptually less sensitive to that stimulus
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8
Q

spiral aftereffect

A
  • neurons are being stimulated at different places on retina and fatigued
  • each receptive field is only looking at one small part of retinal image (failure to see big picture leads to illusions)
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9
Q

aperture illusion

A
  • square is moving up but edge appears to be moving on a diagonal
  • component of motion parallel to the edge cannot be seen; produces no vision motion
  • neurons in V1 are not responding to the actual motion, only a component of motion (inaccurate, estimated motion)
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10
Q

breathing square illusion

A
  • appears to be contracting but is rigid

- shapes of openings bias the combination process

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11
Q

motion binding

A

visual system’s ability to connect together the separated parts of a moving object
- varies when some parts are hidden by occluders

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12
Q

geometrical illusions

A

simple line figures that produce large errors in perception

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13
Q

linear perspective

A

2-D convergence: if lines in a 3D scene are parallel and slanted away from viewer, the lines will converge toward a vanishing point; creates depth perception in a flat picture

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14
Q

motion parallax

A

when an observer moves relative to a 3D scene, the images of things that are closer move more than the images of things that are farther away

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15
Q

concave vs convex

A

concave = curved away from you

convex = curved toward you

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