Visual Arts Glossary Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Angle of Framing

A

The position of the frame in relation to the subject it shows

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2
Q

Slanted Framing

A

A view in which the frame is not level, causing the object to appear slanted out of an upright position

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3
Q

Cinematography

A

A general term for all the manipulations of the film strip by the camera in the shooting phase and the laboratory in the developing phase

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4
Q

Close-up

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is relatively large, most commonly a person’s head seen from the neck up, or an object of a comparable size that fills most of the screen

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5
Q

Closure

A

The degree to which the ending of a narrative film reveals the effects of all the causal events and resolves (or “closes off”) all lines of action

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6
Q

Continuity Editing

A

A system of cutting to maintain a continuous and clear narrative of action. Relies on matching screen direction, position, and temporal relations from shot to shot. ex. axis of action, CROSSCUTTING, cut-in, establishing shot, eyeline match, match of action, reestablishing shot, screen direction, shot/reverse shot.

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7
Q

Crane Shot`

A

A shot with a change in framing accomplished by placing the camera above the subject and moving through the air in any direction.

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8
Q

Crosscutting*

A

Editing that alternates shots of two or more line of action occurring in different places, usually simultaneously

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9
Q

Cut

A

In filmmaking, the joining of two strips of film together with a splice, In finished film, an instantaneous change from one framing to another

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10
Q

Deep Focus

A

A arrangement of mise-en-scene elements so that there is a considerable distance between the plane closest to the camera and the one farthest away, All of these elements are in focus

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11
Q

Diegetic Sound

A

Any voice, musical passage, or sound effect presented as originating from a source withing the film’s world

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12
Q

Discontinuity Editing*

A

Any alternative system of joining shots together using techniques unaccptable within continuity editing principles

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13
Q

Dissolve

A

A transition between two shots during which the first image gradually disappears while the second image gradually appears

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14
Q

Dolly

A

A camera support with wheels, used in making tracking shots

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15
Q

Dubbing

A

The process of replacing part or all of the voices on the sound track in order to correct mistake or rerecord dialogue

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16
Q

Editing

A

In filmmaking, the task of selecting and joining camera take

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17
Q

Establishing Shot

A

A shot, usually involving a distant framing, that show the spatial relations among the important figures, objects, and setting in a scene

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18
Q

Extreme close-up

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is very large; most commonly, a small object or a part of the body

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19
Q

Extreme long shot*

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is very small; a building, landscape, or crowd of people will fill the screen

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20
Q

Eyeline match

A

A cut obeying the axis of action principle, in which the first shot shows a person looking off in one direction and second shows a nearby space containing what he or she sees

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21
Q

Fade

A

Fade-in: a dark screen gradually brightens as a shot appears
Fade-out: a shot gradually disappears as the screen darkens, occasionally, fade-outs brighten to pure white or to a color

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22
Q

Flashback

A

An alteration of story order in which the plot moves back to show events that have taken place earlier than one already shown

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23
Q

Flash-Forward

A

An alteration of story order in which the plot presentation moves forward to future events and then return to the present

24
Q

Following shot

A

A shot with framing that shifts to keep a moving figure onscreen

25
Q

Frame

A

A single image on the strip of film.

26
Q

Hand-held camera

A

The use of the camera operator’s body as a camera support, either holding it by hand or using a harness

27
Q

High-key lighting*

A

Illumination that creates comparatively little contrast between the light and darkness of a shot, shadows are fairly transparent and brightened by fill-light

28
Q

Jump cat*

A

An elliptical cut that appears to be an interruption of a single shot. Either the figures seem to change instantly against a constant background, or the background changes instantly while the figures remain constant

29
Q

Long shot*

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is small; a standing human figure would appear nearly the height of the screen

30
Q

Long take

A

A shot that continues for an unusually length time before the transition to the next shot

31
Q

Low-key lighting

A

Illumination that creates strong contrast between light and dark areas of the shot, with deep shadows and little fill light

32
Q

Medium shot

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is a moderate size; a human figure seen from the waist up would fill most of the screen

33
Q

Mise-en-scene

A

All of the elements placed in front of the camera the photographed; the settings, props, lighting, costumes and makeup, and figure behavior

34
Q

Montage

A

A synonym for editing

35
Q

Narration

A

The process through which the plot conveys or withholds story information. The narration can be more or less restricted to character knowledge and more or less deep in presenting characters’ mental perceptions and thoughts

36
Q

Nondiegetic Sound

A

Sound; such as music or narrator’s commentary, represented as coming from outside the space of the narrative

37
Q

Offscreen sound

A

Simultaneous sound from a source assumed to be in the space of the scene but outside what is visible onscreen

38
Q

Offscreen space

A

Th six areas blocked from being visible on the screen but still part of the space of the screen: to each side and above and below the frame, behind the set, and behind the camera

39
Q

Pan

A

A camera movement with the camera body turning to the right or left

40
Q

Plan Americain

A

A framing in which the scale of the object shown is moderately small, the human figure seen from the shins to the head would fill most of the screen. This is sometimes referred to as a medium long shot

41
Q

Point-of-View Shot

A

A shot taken with the camera placed approximately where the character’s eyes would be, showing what the character would see; usually cut in before or after a shot of the character looking

42
Q

Racking focus*

A

Shifting the area of sharp focus from one plane to another during a shot; the effect on the screen is called rack-focus

43
Q

Scene*

A

A segment in a narrative film that takes place in one time and space or that uses crosscutting to show two or more simultaneous actions

44
Q

Sequence

A

Term commonly used for a moderately large segment of film, involving one complete stretch of action

45
Q

Shallow Focus

A

A restricted depth of field, which keeps only one plane in sharp focus; the opposite of deep focus

46
Q

Shot

A

In shooting, one uninterrupted run of the camera to expose a series of frames, Also called a take.

47
Q

Shot/Reverse Shot

A

Two or more shots edited together that alternate characters, typically in a conversation situation.

48
Q

Sound Bridge

A

At the beginning of one scene, the sound from the previous scene carries over briefly before the sound from the new scene begins

49
Q

Story

A

In a narrative film, all the events that we see and hear, plus those that we infer or assume to have occurred, arranged in their presumed causal relations, chronological order, duration, frequency, and spatial location. Opposed to plot, which is the film’s actual presentation of event in the story.

50
Q

Take

A

In filmmaking, the shot produced by one uninterrupted run of the camera, One shot in the final film may be chosen from among several takes of the same action

51
Q

Tilt

A

A camera movement with the camera body swiveling upward or downward on a stationary support. It produces a mobile framing that scans the space virtically

52
Q

Tracking Shot

A

A mobile framing that ravels though space forward, backward, or laterally

53
Q

Wide-angle lens

A

A lens of short focal length that affects a scene’s perspective by distorting straight lines near the edge of the frame and by exaggerating the distance between foreground and background planes

54
Q

Wipe

A

A transition between shots in which a line passes across the screen, eliminating one shot as it goes and replacing it with the next one

55
Q

Zoom Lens

A

A lens with a focal length that can be changed during a shot