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Opthalmology > Visual Abnormalities > Flashcards

Visual Abnormalities Flashcards

0
Q

Symptoms of CN2 palsy

A

Ptosis
Eyes down and out
Efferent pupil defect

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1
Q

Symptoms of horners

A 
Ptosis
Enopthalmos
Anosocoria
Miosis
Anhydrosis
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2
Q

Causes of cn3 palsy

A

Brainstem (tumour, cva, demyelination)
Skull base (pca aneurysm, extradural hameatoma)
Cavernous sinus (inflammation, tumour)
Orbit (trauma, inflammation, tumour)

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3
Q

What is adies pupil?

A 
Enlarged pupil
Tonic pupil
Slow accomodation reflex
Vermiform pupil
Reduced tendon reflexes
Usually women 30-40
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4
Q

Definition of accomodation?

A

Ability of the eye to change shape resulting in change of power

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5
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

Old age causing sclerosis of lens due to inability to focus on near objects

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6
Q

When assessing near vision, what distance should it be read at.

A

35cm

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7
Q

What is emmetropia?

A

Optically perfect eye

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8
Q

What is ametropia?

A

One parameter (cornea, lens, axial length) is less than perfect

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9
Q

What is myopia?

A

Short sightedness

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10
Q

Two causes of myopia?

A 
Refractive myopia (power of eye is too much)
Axial myopia (eye is too long)
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11
Q

How do you correct a myopia?

A

Add a divergent lens

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12
Q

2 causes of hypermetropia?

A

Refractive (eye power too little)

Axial (eye too short)

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13
Q

How do you correct hypermetropia?

A

Convergent lens

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14
Q

Who’s the biggest cunt in the world?

A

Bronj

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15
Q

What is an astigmatic eye?

A

Rugby ball shaped

16
Q

How to correct an astigmatism?

A

Use a convergent or divergent lens to correct the refractive error, then add an additional lens with a power in one direction to correct the astigmatism

17
Q

Methods of refraction correction?

A

Glasses
Contact lenses
Refractive surgery

18
Q

Advantages of a soft contact lense?

A 
Flexible
Comfortable
Secure fit
Safe for sport
Useful for extended wear
19
Q

Disadvantages of soft contact lenses.

A

Tear easily
More expensive
Dehydrate easily out of solution

20
Q

Complications of contact lens?

A 
Giant papillary Conjuctivits
Corneal abrasions
Infective keratitis
Corneal ulcers
Corneal hypoxia
Solution hypersensitivity
21
Q

What condition has absent light reflect but accomodation still intAct

A

Adies pupil

Opthalmology (8 decks)

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