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Introduction to sensation, cognition and perception > Vision: the eye > Flashcards

Vision: the eye Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the physical nature of light

A

Electromagnetic radiation that travels in waves. Speed of light is 299,792,258m/sec

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2
Q

What is a photon?

A

A particle of light

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3
Q

What is amplitude, wavelength and frequency?

A

A - Intensity
W - distance between peaks
Frequency (Hz) - number of waves that pass a given point per second

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4
Q

What is the cornea?

A

Transparent outer coating at the front of the eye (principle means of focus)

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5
Q

What is the sclera?

A

White opaque outer coating

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6
Q

What is the pupil?

A

Circular hole in the centre of the iris through which light enters

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7
Q

What is the iris?

A

Visible through the cornea, coloured

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8
Q

What is the lens?

A

Transparent focusing element of the eye

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9
Q

What is the retina?

A

Array of photoreceptors and neural circuitry that covers the back surface of the eye

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10
Q

What is the fovea?

A

Part of the eye upon which the centre of an image falls

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11
Q

What is the optic nerve?

A

Bundle of nerve fibres that carry nerve impulses from the retina to the brain

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12
Q

Where is the anterior chamber?

A

Between the cornea and the iris

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13
Q

Where is the posterior chamber?

A

Between the iris and the lens

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14
Q

What do both the anterior and posterior chamber contain?

A

Aqueous

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15
Q

Where is the vitreous chamber?

A

Behind the lens

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16
Q

What does the vitreous chamber contain?

A

Vitreous

17
Q

How does the lens focus on the stimuli?

A

Lens changes shape to adjust the focus (Accomodation)

18
Q

What is photo transduction?

A

Light is detected in the retinal image and is transformed from light energy to electrochemical energy

19
Q

What are the 2 types of photoreceptors in the retina?

A

Rods and cones

20
Q

What are rods?

A

Responsible for vision at low levels of light, very sensitive to darkness. Have a coarse spatial structure - 120 million located in the peripheral retina

21
Q

What are cones?

A

Responsible for vision in bright light and in colour. FIne details - 6 million located in the fovea and the peripheral retina

22
Q

What is the blind spot?

A

Point on the retina where the optic nerve leads to the brain so there are no photoreceptors

23
Q

What is the pathway to the optic nerve?

A

Light - cornea - pupil - lens - retina - optic nerve

Introduction to sensation, cognition and perception (11 decks)

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