Vision: from eye to brain

Question 1

understand the nature of visible light and the way the physical characteristics of the light are related to the perception of color

Answer 1

electromagnetic radiation within a specific range, wavelength = hue
amplitude= brightness

Question 2

pupil

Answer 2

opening where light enters the eye

Question 3

iris

Answer 3

controls size of pupil; gives color to eyes

Question 4

cornea

Answer 4

glassy, transparent external surface of the eye; covers iris and pupil

Question 5

sclera

Answer 5

white of the eye; touch wall of eyeball

Question 6

optic nerve

Answer 6

bundle of axons from the retina

Question 7

optic disk

Answer 7

blood vessels enter, optic nerve exits

Question 8

macula

Answer 8

central vision

Question 9

fovea

Answer 9

pit at center of retina; area of clearest vision

Question 10

phototransduction in rods

Answer 10

rod outer segments are depolarized in the dark because of stead influx of Na+

Question 11

phototransduction in cones

Answer 11

different light absorbing proteins, brain assigns color based on relative contributions of blue, green, and red cones

Question 12

pupillary light reflex

Answer 12

continuous adjustment to light level, connections between retina and brain stem neurons that control muscle around pupil

Question 13

light passing from visual field to retina

Answer 13

light passes through transparent cornea, then through aqueous humor and through the pupil(opening the iris) then is focused by the lens passes through vitreous humor and strikes the retina at the back of the eyeball