Vision 2 Flashcards
What is computer vision?
Entire discipline dedicated to teaching computers to recognize objects
Computer vision encompasses various techniques and methodologies for enabling computers to interpret and understand visual information from the world.
What does an object recognition system need to ensure?
Perception is flexible and robust
A robust object recognition system must adapt to various conditions and inputs.
How do we perceive whole objects?
From parts
Object recognition involves integrating information from different parts to form a complete perception of the object.
What influences action in object recognition?
Guided memory
Memory plays a crucial role in recognizing objects and determining appropriate responses.
What is object constancy?
Maintaining object constancy regardless of visual field or conditions
This includes recognizing an object from different angles, lighting, and partial visibility.
What is invariance in object recognition?
Identifying a given object as the same despite variations
Invariance allows for consistent recognition of objects under varying conditions.
What is the invariance sensitivity trade-off?
The computational dilemma of maintaining object constancy while recognizing different objects
This trade-off involves balancing between recognizing similar sensory inputs as distinct objects and maintaining a consistent perception of the same object.
Fill in the blank: Maintaining object constancy is also called _______.
Invariance
Invariance is a key concept in understanding how we recognize objects across different contexts.
What does generalizing to novel examples allow us to do in object recognition?
Perceive them as the same objects despite differing sensory inputs
This ability to generalize is essential for effective object recognition in varying environments.
What is size constancy?
altering depth cues to create a size illusion
What is shape constancy or viewpoint invariance?
It is when you know what object it is even though it is seen in different angles.
what is the “where” pathway?
dorsal (area MT)
what is the “what” pathway?
ventral (area V4)
what is the fusiform face area sensitive to?
faces
what does the intraparietal sulcus do?
directs eye movement and reaching
What happens with damage to regions in the ventral visual stream (what pathway)?
Damage to regions in the ventral visual
stream leads to visual agnosia: specific difficulty recognizing
objects presented visually or that require the use of
visually based representations
What happens with damage to regions in the dorsal visual stream (where pathway)?
Damage in this pathway leads to optic ataxia: Can recognize objects, but cannot use visual
information to guide their actions
what is double association?
-Damage to the ventral visual stream: cannot recognize objects, but when given them to interact with, can use visual information to perform appropriate actions.
-Damage to the dorsal visual stream: can recognize objects, but cannot use what they see to perform appropriate actions
what does the Para-hippocampal place area detect
scenes
what does the Extra-striate Body Area (EBA) detect?
parts of bodies or bodies
what does the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) detect?
letters!
* Only in people who are literate for that writing system
* In the left hemisphere only (connects to language network
what is ensemble coding?
information about each visual object is
represented by a distributed pattern of activity across a specific
combination of many different neurons
what is Multi-voxel pattern analysis?
A method of analysis that seeks to quantify the amount of
information present in the pattern of activity across multiple
voxels/channels
– Vs. traditional analysis that looks at what voxels are most
active, or the average activity across a region of interest
MVPA can also be
applied to MEG or
EEG
* Classify data
based on patterns
of activity in
multiple M/EEG
channels
