Vision

Question 1

What differentiates sensation and perception?

Answer 1

Sensation is when sensory neurons detect stimuli and transduce it into a change in membrane potential, releasing NT. Perception is the conscious experience and interpretation of that same stimuli

Question 2

What are the 5 things that sensory neuron can detect?

Answer 2

-Presence of specific molecules (smell, taste, nausea, pain)
-Presence or absence of physical pressure (touch, stretch, vibration, acceleration, gravity, balance, hearing, thirst, pain)
-Temperature (heat, cold, pain)
-pH of a liquid (is it acidic or alkaline) (sour taste, suffocation, pain)
-Electromagnetic radiation

Question 3

Do all sensory neurons release neurotransmitters?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

Do all sensory neurons have axons/action potentials?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

How do sensory neurons w/o action potentials release NT?

Answer 5

The amount of NT released depends on the depolarization of the membrane potential. The more depolarization, the more NT released.

Question 6

What is the name for the sensory neurons responsible for viewing light?

Answer 6

Photoreceptors

Question 7

What are the two major components inside a photoreceptor cell?

Answer 7

Opsins and Retinal molecules

Question 8

What are the 4 diff. Kind of photoreceptors?

Answer 8

Red cone cells, Green cone cells, Blue cone cells, rod cells

Question 9

What determines which wavelengths a photoreceptor is sensitive to?

Answer 9

How the opsin holds the retinal molecule

Question 10

Which of all photoreceptor cells was the last to evolve and most sensitive to light?

Answer 10

Rod cells

Question 11

Which photoreceptor cells are responsible for color perception?

Answer 11

Cone cells

Question 12

Which kind of wavelengths is each opsin sensitive to?

Answer 12

Blue cone opsins: short wavelengths
Green cone opsins: medium wavelengths
Red cone opsins: long wavelengths

Question 13

What goes into identifying a color?

Answer 13

It’s a function of how much each type of cone cell is activated relative to its maximum level.

Question 14

What activates opsins?

Answer 14

The retinal molecules its binded to changing shape when it absorbs light

Question 15

What do we see when we look at red and green bulb that are very close tgt? Why?

Answer 15

We see yellow light. This is bc the green and red cone cells are activated at a similar level, which is what happens with yellow light.

Question 16

What is the concept of additive color?

Answer 16

The primary colors are red, green, and blue. Each color of the rainbow is a diff. combo of these colros. White is all of these colors.

Question 17

What’s the result of brightness=0?

Answer 17

A black image

Question 18

What’s the result of saturation=0?

Answer 18

If saturation=0, the image is black and white bc all wavelengths ate present at equal amounts (middle of the color cone)

Question 19

If saturation >0%, what does hue indicate?

Answer 19

Hue indicates the color that the light is saturated with