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Biology > Viruses And Bacteria > Flashcards

Viruses And Bacteria Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The protein case which in cases the genetic material

A

Capsid

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2
Q

Double strand of genetic material which is contained in some viruses

A

DNA

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3
Q

Single strand of genetic material which is present some viruses

A

RNA

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4
Q

The pathway where a virus lies dormant within a cell for a long period of time before beginning it’s reproductive reproductive cycle

A

Lysogenic cycle

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5
Q

This cycle of viral reproduction which causes the host to cell to burst open

A

Lytic cycle

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6
Q

A virus that no longer contains its genetic material

A

Viroids

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7
Q

A virus that attacks bacteria

A

Bacteriophage

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8
Q

And injection given to produce immunity to virus/deadly diseases

A

Vaccine

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9
Q

___ cells allow body to react faster to an infection if it has been exposed to the pathogen more than once

A

Antibody

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10
Q

An organism that causes disease

Could be virus bacteria or parasite

A

A pathogen

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11
Q

Viruses are considered nonliving because they cannot ___ without the help of a host cell

A

Reproduce

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12
Q

Virus virus with RNA as its genetic material

A

Retrovirus

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13
Q

Compared to bacteria viruses are much ___ in size

A

Smaller

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14
Q

I host cell that has viral genetic material incorporated into its DNA

A

Prophage

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15
Q

Type of cell which has no nucleus or organelles

A

Prokaryotic

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16
Q

What are the smallest and most common microorganisms

A

Bacteria

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17
Q

Of the two kingdoms this kingdom is more closely related to eukaryotes

A

Eubacteria

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18
Q

These are the most ancient organisms and live in harsh environments

A

Archaebacteria

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19
Q

Bacteria cells which contain peptidoglycan ( gram positive) It stains this colour

A

Purple

20
Q

Gram negative cells stain this colour

A

Pink

21
Q

Peptidoglycan is found in the structure and eubacteria

A

Cell wall

22
Q

Part of the sale responsible for controlling what enters and exits the bacterium/Cell

A

Cell membrane

23
Q

Some bacterium are propelled/moved with this structure

A

Flagellum

24
Q

A random change in the DNA of bacteria

A

Mutation

25
Q

Bacteria that can survive with or without oxygen

A

Facultative anaerobes

26
Q

Bacteria play a major role in the “fixation” of this gas into a form which is useable by plants

A

Nitrogen

27
Q

Spiral shaped bacteria

A

Spirilla

28
Q

Rod shaped bacteria

A

Bacilli

29
Q

Spherical shaped bacteria

A

Cocci

30
Q

Bacteria that uses in organic chemicals for their energy source and organic compounds for their Carbon source

A

Chemo heterotrophs

31
Q

Bacteria that uses light for their energy sources and use CO2 for their carbon source are called…

A

Photo autotroughs

32
Q

They must live in the presence of oxygen

A

Obligate Aerobes

33
Q

This bacteria that lives in the absence of oxygen

A

Obligate Anaerobes

34
Q

___ compounds are used by chemo autotroughs for a source of energy

A

Inorganic

35
Q

The process of producing energy without the use of oxygen

A

Fermentation

36
Q

Enables bacteria to exchange genetic information through the production of a cytoplasm bridge

A

Conjugati

37
Q

Small circular piece of DNA that is transferred during conjunction

A

Plasmid

38
Q

Asexual reproduction of bacteria were the daughter cells produced are equal in size

A

Binary fission

39
Q

Form to allow a bacteria to survive in harsh conditions that can grow and reproduce when conditions become for favourable

A

Endospore

40
Q

Are used to treat bacterial infections

A

Antibiotics

41
Q

The simplest preventative measure to avoid disease

A

Handwashing

42
Q

Some thing that kills micro organisms that are on the skin or living tissue

A

Antiseptic

43
Q

This used to kill bacteria on nonliving surfaces

A

Disinfectant

44
Q

Bacterial stains were antibiotics are used frequently and no longer effective

A

Antibiotic resistance

45
Q

Compared to viruses bacteria are much ___ in size

A

Larger

Biology (2 decks)

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