Viruses And Bacteria Flashcards
The protein case which in cases the genetic material
Capsid
Double strand of genetic material which is contained in some viruses
DNA
Single strand of genetic material which is present some viruses
RNA
The pathway where a virus lies dormant within a cell for a long period of time before beginning it’s reproductive reproductive cycle
Lysogenic cycle
This cycle of viral reproduction which causes the host to cell to burst open
Lytic cycle
A virus that no longer contains its genetic material
Viroids
A virus that attacks bacteria
Bacteriophage
And injection given to produce immunity to virus/deadly diseases
Vaccine
___ cells allow body to react faster to an infection if it has been exposed to the pathogen more than once
Antibody
An organism that causes disease
Could be virus bacteria or parasite
A pathogen
Viruses are considered nonliving because they cannot ___ without the help of a host cell
Reproduce
Virus virus with RNA as its genetic material
Retrovirus
Compared to bacteria viruses are much ___ in size
Smaller
I host cell that has viral genetic material incorporated into its DNA
Prophage
Type of cell which has no nucleus or organelles
Prokaryotic
What are the smallest and most common microorganisms
Bacteria
Of the two kingdoms this kingdom is more closely related to eukaryotes
Eubacteria
These are the most ancient organisms and live in harsh environments
Archaebacteria
Bacteria cells which contain peptidoglycan ( gram positive) It stains this colour
Purple
Gram negative cells stain this colour
Pink
Peptidoglycan is found in the structure and eubacteria
Cell wall
Part of the sale responsible for controlling what enters and exits the bacterium/Cell
Cell membrane
Some bacterium are propelled/moved with this structure
Flagellum
A random change in the DNA of bacteria
Mutation
Bacteria that can survive with or without oxygen
Facultative anaerobes
Bacteria play a major role in the “fixation” of this gas into a form which is useable by plants
Nitrogen
Spiral shaped bacteria
Spirilla
Rod shaped bacteria
Bacilli
Spherical shaped bacteria
Cocci
Bacteria that uses in organic chemicals for their energy source and organic compounds for their Carbon source
Chemo heterotrophs
Bacteria that uses light for their energy sources and use CO2 for their carbon source are called…
Photo autotroughs
They must live in the presence of oxygen
Obligate Aerobes
This bacteria that lives in the absence of oxygen
Obligate Anaerobes
___ compounds are used by chemo autotroughs for a source of energy
Inorganic
The process of producing energy without the use of oxygen
Fermentation
Enables bacteria to exchange genetic information through the production of a cytoplasm bridge
Conjugati
Small circular piece of DNA that is transferred during conjunction
Plasmid
Asexual reproduction of bacteria were the daughter cells produced are equal in size
Binary fission
Form to allow a bacteria to survive in harsh conditions that can grow and reproduce when conditions become for favourable
Endospore
Are used to treat bacterial infections
Antibiotics
The simplest preventative measure to avoid disease
Handwashing
Some thing that kills micro organisms that are on the skin or living tissue
Antiseptic
This used to kill bacteria on nonliving surfaces
Disinfectant
Bacterial stains were antibiotics are used frequently and no longer effective
Antibiotic resistance
Compared to viruses bacteria are much ___ in size
Larger
