Viruses and Bacteria Flashcards
Are viruses living or non-living?
Non-living
A virus is
a collection of virons.
Most viruses require
a specific host.
Viruses are made of
protein capsids & DNA or RNA strands.
Viruses are classified by structure:
\+dsDNA \+ssDNA \+dsRNA \+ssRNA \+naked or enveloped
Viral Replication
Lytic & Lysogenic
Lytic Replication:
> VIral DNA/RNA enters cell
Host cell produces coded proteins & DNA/RNA
Host cell Lyses (bursts)
New viral particles released into organism
Lysogenic Replication:
> Viral DNA/RNA enters cell
Viral DNA/RNA combines with host chromosomes
Host cell replicates normally, but with new coding for new virus
Eventually will enter lytic cycle
Viroids
specific to plants; short circular RNA; No protein coat; about 33 identified
Prions
affect nervous system of animals; proteinaeous infectious particle; not sure of replication; induces proteins misfolds; harder to de-nature than nucleic acids; mad-cow disease.
WHO
World Health Organization; United Nations
CDC
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention; based in Atlanta, GA
Virulent
automatically replicate in lytic cycle
Latent
hidden in the lysogenic cycle for a while
Temperate
viruses in between