Viruses

Question 1

What is a provirus?

Answer 1

A virus that becomes a part of the hosts DNA

Question 2

What is a Endogenous retroviruses?

Answer 2

One of the retroviruses that make up around 5-8% of the human genome

Question 3

What are the key structural features of most viruses?

Answer 3

A capsid (protective protein shell) Nucleic genome, DNA or RNA Envelope (outer membrane layer)

Question 4

What are bacteriaphages

Answer 4

Viruses that attack bacteria

Question 5

Brief definition of a viruses?

Answer 5

Small infections particle made of nucleic acid and protein that reprogram the host cell in order to reproduce

Question 6

What is a capsid?

Answer 6

Many proteins joining together to make a Capsomer. Multiple capsomers = a capsid

Question 7

What re the 3 main forms/shapes of Capsids

Answer 7

Icosahedral (20d dice) Filamentous (Thin rod-shaped or helical) Head-tail (Icosahedral head + Filamentous tail)

Question 8

What is a virus envelope?

Answer 8

An exteernal lipid membrane “borrowed” from the host cell as they leave

Question 9

What is the viral lifecycle?

Answer 9

1 Attchment to receptor
2 Entry via fusion or endocytosis
3Genome replication and gene expression
4 assembly of capsid around genome
5 Release via Lysis, Exocytosis, or budding