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infectious diseases > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

0
Q

Dengue family

A

Flaviviridae

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1
Q

Dengue serotypes

A

4

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2
Q

Dengue principal vector

A

Aedes aegypti

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3
Q

Dengue Transmission. When?

A

Febrile viremic stage, after 8-12 days incubation

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4
Q

DHF. Who usually gets it?

A

Primarily children under 15

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5
Q

Dengue, pathognomonic sign?

A

None!

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6
Q

Critical stage in dhf?

A

Defervescence, 24 hours before and after

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7
Q

Critical stage dhf. What happens?

A

Circulatory collapse and hemorrhagic signs

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8
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

100,00/mm^3

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9
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,000/mm^3

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10
Q

Test for increased capillary fragility

A

Tourniquet/Hess test

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11
Q

DHF. Liver, characteristic cell

A

Councilman bodies

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12
Q

Can dengue viruses cross the BBB?

A

Yes, on occasion

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13
Q

DHF effect on RES?

A

Increased proliferation of RES cells

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14
Q

Among the most common of human diseases

A

Viral respiratory infections

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15
Q

Most common cause of respiratory infection

A

Rhinovirus

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16
Q

Major cause of common cold

A

Rhinovirus

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17
Q

Rhinovirus incubation period

A

1-2 days

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18
Q

Counterpart of rhinovirus in children

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

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19
Q

RSV lipid envelope proteins

A

G for attachment

F for fusion

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20
Q

RSV incubation period

A

4-6 days

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21
Q

Major respiratory pathogen of young children

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

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22
Q

Rsv. More protective, serum antibody or nasal IgA?

A

Nasal IgA

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23
Q

RSV management for some infants

A

Ribavirin

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24
Q

Ribavirin mode of action

A

Nucleoside analogue

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25
Q

RSV vs Rhinovirus

A

Serology is helpful in diagnosing RSV

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26
Q

Mumps virus

A

Paramyxoviridae

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27
Q

Mumps transmission

A

Respiratory droplets

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28
Q

Mumps usual presentation

A

Bilateral parotitis

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29
Q

Mumps. Aside from parotid glands, what else can swell?

A

Testis

Pancreas

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30
Q

Measles other term

A

Rubeola

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31
Q

German measles other term

A

Rubella

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32
Q

Chickenpox and shingles

A

Varicella, varicella zoster

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33
Q

Viral infections with cutaneous manifestations

A 
Measles
German measles
Chickenpox, shingles
Herpes simplex virus
Human papilloma viruses
Others- human parvovirus b19, smallpox
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34
Q

Reservoir for Rubella

A

Humans ONLY

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35
Q

Rubella route

A

CD46 of host to glycoprotein H of virus

c3 convertase inactivator

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36
Q

Prominent involvement of Waldeyer’s ring

A

Rubella

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37
Q

Measles rash product of which immunological cells

A

T cell reaction

Cell mediated immunity

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38
Q

Hypermutated defective measles viruses, cant form envelope cause

A

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Measles inclusion body encephalitis

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39
Q

Pathognomonic of measles

A

Koplik spots

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40
Q

Koplik spots location

A

Near opening of Stensen’s duct

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41
Q

Measles. Characteristic cells in lymphoid organs:

A

Warthin-Finkeldey cells

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42
Q

WF cells are?

A

Fusion of infected cells

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43
Q

Blotchy purplish generalized rash, runny nose, sore eyes

A

Measles

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44
Q

Rabies family

A

Lyssaviridae

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45
Q

Rabies stages

A

Prodrome
Neurologic phase
Coma

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46
Q

Rabies Viruses are taken up by what kind of nerve endings?

A

Unmyelinated

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47
Q

Rabies movement

A

Centripetal from axons to CNS then Centrifugal from CNS to various organs

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48
Q

Rabies settles where

A

Usually salivary glands

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49
Q

Rabies Histopath findings?

A

Almost none

But some show Negri bodies

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50
Q

Pathognomonic of rabies

A

Negri bodies

51
Q

Negri body pref. site of formation

A

Hippocampal neurons

52
Q

Neurologic phase hydrophobia of rabies

A

Exaggerated respiratory tract protective reflex

53
Q

Neurologic phase rabies symptoms

A

Furious and dumb, delirium, anxiety, agitation, paralysis

54
Q

Polio family

A

Enterovirus

55
Q

Polio major strains?

A

3

56
Q

Ingredient of attenuated vaccine can revert to wild type, most pathogenic strain

A

Polio 3

57
Q

Most virulent polio strain?

A

Polio 1

58
Q

Strains present in vaccines for polio?

A

All 3

59
Q

Killed, formalin fixed

A

Salk

60
Q

Live, attenuated

A

Sabin

61
Q

Kind of vaccine used in the Phil Expanded Program

A

Sabin, live attenuated

62
Q

Less immunogenic vaccine

A

Salk

63
Q

Polio first infects the?

A

Oropharynx

64
Q

Polio stats invading CNS?

A

1/100

65
Q

Stats, percent of symptomatic in polio infected population?

A

1%

66
Q

Typical histo feature of acute poliomyelitis?

A

Neuronophagia

67
Q

Destruction of nerve cells by phagocytes

A

Neuronophagia

68
Q

Causes significant number of fetal death in utero

A

Parvovirus B19

69
Q

Smallpox official repositories

A

CDC in the US

Central Laboratory in Russia

70
Q

Hand foot and mouth disease culprit

A

Coxsackie virus usually type A16

71
Q

Coxsackie family

A

Picornaviridae

72
Q

Coxsackie histo features

A

Intraepidermal spongiotic vesicles

73
Q

Coxsackie pattern of presentation

A

Enanthem then exanthem

74
Q

Rash on mucous membranes

A

Enanthem

75
Q

Skin rash

A

Exanthem

76
Q

Molluscum contagiosum family

A

Pox

77
Q

Molluscum strains?

A

3

78
Q

Molluscum histo feature in germinal layer of skin?

A

Molluscum body

79
Q

Hyaline acidophilic granular massin molluscum contagiosum?

A

Molluscum body

80
Q

Characteristic skin lesion, molluscum

A

Painless nodules with small whitish core (central umbilication)

81
Q

Molluscum transmission

A

Direct body contact
Through fomites
Sexually

82
Q

Herpes, #groups, #viruses?

A

3 groups of 9 viruses

83
Q

Neurotropic alpha group

A

Hsv1 Hsv2 VZV

84
Q

Lymphotropic beta group

A

CMV, HSV6, HSV7

85
Q

Causes exanthema subitum

A

HSV6

86
Q

Herpes Gamma group

A

EBV, HSV8 (Kaposi)

87
Q

Viruses able to remain latent in their natural hosts- almost always recurring in later life

A

Herpes viruses

88
Q

Herpes virus lesion, histo

A

Cowdry type A

89
Q

Large pink to purple, contain intact and disrupted virions, push darkly stained host cell chromatin to edges of nucleus

A

Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions

90
Q

Hsv3

A

Herpes zoster

91
Q

Hsv4

A

Epstein barr

92
Q

Hsv 5

A

Cmv

93
Q

Hsv 8

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

94
Q

Major infectious cause of corneal blindness

A

HSV1

95
Q

Major cause of fatal sporadic encephalitis

A

HSV1

96
Q

Herpes in the genital tract?

A

Automatically tested for HIV

97
Q

Genital herpes

A

Mostly HSV2, but may be present in HSV1

98
Q

HSV1 and 2, replication site?

A

Skin and mucous membranes at site of entrance of virus

99
Q

Hsv characteristic cell

A

Multinucleated (single nucleus which became polynucleated) giant HSV infected cell

100
Q

Varicella initial infection in children

A

Chicken pox

101
Q

Lethal systemic infection of VZVin immunocompromised hosts

A

Hemorrhagic varicella

102
Q

Characteristic VZV histo

A

Nuclear inclusion bodies with groundglass appearance

103
Q

EBV can cause?

A

Burkitt lymphoma

Nasopharyngeal CA

104
Q

EBV transmission

A

Human contact, saliva - kissing!

105
Q

EBV infects which cells?

A

B cells

106
Q

Two forms of infection of B cells

A

Minor - lytic

Major - integration into genome

107
Q

Proteins associated with EBV driven polyclonal activation and proliferation

A

EBNA2

LMP1

108
Q

Type of antibody which increases infectivity of EBV for B cells

A

IgA

109
Q

Diagnosis EBV infection

A

Positive heterophil/ monospot test

Atypical lymphcytosis

110
Q

Absolute lyphocytosis criteria

A

12000-18000 cells per ml
60% lymphos
Many atypical

111
Q

Cytomegalovirus devastating in what population?

A

Infants

Immunocompromised people

112
Q

Cmv infects and remains latent in?

A

WBCs

113
Q

CMV histiocytes

A

With clear halos and large intranuclear inclusions

114
Q

Most common neoplasm in aids patients

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

115
Q

Kaposi antigen for staining

A

Factor VIII related stain

116
Q

HPV common warts

A

1 2 4

117
Q

HPV condylomata acuminata

A

6 10 11 40-45

118
Q

HPV squamous cell dysplasias and CA

A

16, 18, 31

119
Q

Transmission hpv

A

Direct contact

120
Q

Hpv infected cells display a characteristic cytopathic effect

A

Koilocytosis

121
Q

Large squamous cells with shrunken nuclei enveloped in large cytoplasmic vacuoles

A

Koilocytes

122
Q

Condyloma lata

A

Syphilis, 2nd stage

123
Q

Condyloma acuminata

A

HPV 6 10 11 40-4

124
Q

Epithelial hyperplasia term

A

Acanthosis

125
Q

Hyperchromic nucleus with perinuclear halo, squamous cell

A

Koilocyte

infectious diseases (1 decks)

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