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VIRUSES AND IMMUNOLOGY CANCER > VIRUSES > Flashcards

VIRUSES Flashcards

1
Q

a small amount of DNA surrounded by a
protein envelope

A

virus

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2
Q

a retrovirus that attacks the immune system and is
the causative agent of AIDS

A

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV

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3
Q

a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency
virus, which is characterized by low T cell counts
leading to infections that often prove fatal

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

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4
Q

a complete virus particle consisting of
nucleic acid and coat protein

A

virion

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5
Q

the protein coat of a virus

A

capsid

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6
Q

s a small amount of genetic material surrounded by
a protein envelope

A

Virus

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7
Q

They are pathogens
of

A

bacteria, plants, and animals.

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8
Q

The classic viral shape most
often seen in the literature has

A

hexagonal capsid, rod sticking

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9
Q

a method for treating a genetic
disease by introducing a good copy of a defective
gene

A

gene therapy

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10
Q

a genetic disease that affects DNA synthesis in the
cells of the immune system

A

severe combined immune deficiency (SCID)

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11
Q

a vector
commonly used in gene therapy

A

Maloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV)

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12
Q

in gene therapy, the
assemblage that contains the gene being
transferred

A

expression cassette

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13
Q

a simple DNA virus that is often used
for gene therapy

A

adenovirus

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14
Q

the proteins that make up the
capsid or protein coat that surrounds the genetic
material of a virus

A

coat proteins (CP)

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15
Q

the enzyme that
directs the synthesis of DNA on an RNA template

A

reverse transcriptase (RT)

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16
Q

proteins found in the
outer membrane of a virus

A

envelope proteins (EP

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17
Q

a disease in which
the immune system attacks the body’s
own tissues

A

Auto immune disease

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18
Q

a weakened or killed form of an infectious agent that is injected into an organism so that it will
make antibodies against the true infectious agent

A

Vaccine

19
Q

white blood cells that play an important
role in the functioning of the immune system

A

leukocytes

20
Q

the first line of defense in the
immune system

A

innate immunity

21
Q

innate immunity cells that are the
first to encounter viruses or bacteria

A

dendritic cells

22
Q

cells of the innate immune system
that digest cellular debris and pathogens

A

macrophages

23
Q

cells of the innate
immune system that kill cells which have been
infected or are cancerous

A

natural killer (NK) cells

24
Q

protein that displays an antigen on the surface of
cells of the immune system

A

major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

25
Q

components of the
human immune system; the target of the AIDS
virus

A

helper T cells (TH cells

26
Q

cells of the
immune system that display antigens on their
surface and activate the acquired immunity system

A

antigen-presenting cells (APCs

27
Q

soluble protein factors produced by one
cell that affect another cell

A

cytokines

28
Q

components of the human immune
system

A

killer T cells

29
Q

white blood cells that play an important
role in the immune system and play a role in the
production of antibodies

A

b cells

30
Q

a type of white blood cell; a major
component of the immune system

A

lymphocytes

31
Q

one of two kinds of white blood cells
important in the immune system—a killer T
cell, which destroys infected cells, or a helper
T cell, which is involved in the process of B-cell
maturation

A

T cells

32
Q

Where t cells mainly found?

A

thymus gland

33
Q

Where b cells mainly found?

A

Bone marrow

34
Q

substances that trigger an immune
response

A

Antigens

35
Q

proteins that play a role in the
immune system

A

interleukins

36
Q

the process by which the immune
system responds selectively to antibodies actually
present in an organism

A

clonal selection

37
Q

(immunoglobulins) glycoproteins that
bind to and immobilize a substance that the cell
recognizes as foreign

A

antibodies

38
Q

binding sites for antibodies on an antigen

A

epitopes

39
Q

a kind of cell produced by fusing
lymphocytes and mouse myeloma cells

A

hybridoma

40
Q

antibodies produced from
the progeny of a single cell and specific for a single
antigen

A

monoclonal antibodies

41
Q

the spread of cancer throughout the
body

A

metastasis.

42
Q

a gene that encodes a protein
that inhibits cell division

A

tumor suppressor

43
Q

the first virus to be shown to
cause cance

A

Rous sarcoma virus

43
Q

normal eukaryotic genes that
are very similar in sequence to a cancer causing
gene

A

proto-oncogenes

VIRUSES AND IMMUNOLOGY CANCER (1 decks)

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