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BIO102 > Virus102 > Flashcards

Virus102 Flashcards

1
Q

………. is a small, simple infectious agent.

Viruses enters and attaches itself to a
specific host cell and injects its ………… and reproduces by using the host genetic material and finally the host cell splits open, releasing the new viruses.

A

Virus

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2
Q

………. can be defined as a non-cellular, infectious entity made up of genetic material and protein that can invade and reproduce only within the living cells of bacteria, plants and animals.

A

Virus

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3
Q

………. can be defined as a non-cellular, infectious entity made up of genetic material and protein that can invade and reproduce only within the living cells of bacteria, plants and animals.

A

Virus

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4
Q

The …….. of viruses, which serves as genetic material, is either DNA or RNA(a small piece of genetic information ,DNA or RNA) inside a protective protein coating called capsid.

A

nucleic acid

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5
Q

The …….. of viruses, which serves as genetic material, is either DNA or RNA(a small piece of genetic information ,DNA or RNA) inside a protective protein coating called capsid.

A

nucleic acid

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6
Q

The nucleic acids of viruses, which serves as genetic material, is either DNA or RNA(a small piece of genetic information ,DNA or RNA) inside a protective protein coating called ……..

A

capsid.

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7
Q

……….. are any illness you get from virus and this virus uses the cells of living organisms to reproduce .

A

Viral infections

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8
Q

Viral infections are any illness you get from virus and this virus uses the cells of living organisms to reproduce or
make copies of themselves in a process called…….

A

replication

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9
Q

Since ……. have the
machinery needed to make more cells and virus do not, they have to break into cells of living
organisms to be able to replicate and have higher load which makes its carrier sick.

A

human cells

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10
Q

Since ……. have the
machinery needed to make more cells and virus do not, they have to break into cells of living
organisms to be able to replicate and have higher load which makes its carrier sick.

A

human cells

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11
Q

The Low…….
go away on their own

A

risk viruses

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12
Q

while the ……. viruses cause life-threatening or chronic
illness.

A

high risk

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13
Q

Viruses usually enter the body of its host through the …… of organs such as eyes, nose, mouth, stomach, penis, vagina and anus.

A

mucous membranes(inner linings )

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14
Q

Some …… also get in
through a break or a cut on the skin or from a bite from a mosquito or tick and other virus
transmitting vectors

A

viruses

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15
Q

……. can cause several illness such as respiratory illnesses, sexually
transmitted infections (STIs), skin conditions and many other kinds of illnesses.

A

Viruses

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16
Q

Some ….,……. include: Common cold, The flu (influenza), COVID-19, Respiratory
syncytial virus infection, Chickenpox, Measles, HIV/AIDS, Human Papillomavirus Virus(Warts on the body, genital etc), Herpes simplex (Herpes Simplex Virus), Poliomyelitis, Rabies, Mpox, Zika virus infection, Hepatitis etc

A

commonly known viral infections

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17
Q

Virus is a…….. particle that lives by infecting the cells of a living organism.

. Viruses can replicate only by infecting a host cell. Viruses cannot be classified either a living organism or non-living
organism.

A

sub-microscopic

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18
Q

Virus is a…….. particle that lives by infecting the cells of a living organism.

A

sub-microscopic

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19
Q

When compared with prokaryotic these are smaller in size and range from……

A

20-300 mm

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20
Q

Individual virus
is known as a.. ………

A

Virion

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21
Q

Viruses can ……….only by infecting a host cell.

A

replicate

22
Q

Viruses can ……….only by infecting a host cell.

A

replicate

23
Q

Viruses do not have …………… such as cell membranes,
nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and many other cell organelles required for
growth, reproduction, energy production, maintaining homeostasis etc

A

specialised machinery

24
Q

……….. cannot be classified either a living organism or non-living
organism.

A

Virus

25
Q

……….. cannot be classified either a living organism or non-living
organism.

A

Virus

26
Q

Viruses
exist outside of the living cell as active particles surrounded by a ………..

A

protein coat.

27
Q

Viruses
exist outside of the living cell as active particles surrounded by a ………..

A

protein coat.

28
Q

Lack of these specialized machinery in virus is due to the fact that they possess ……………

A

certain defining characteristic features of
living organisms and non-living entities.

29
Q

…………. are significantly smaller than bacteria.

A

Viruses

30
Q

…………. are significantly smaller than bacteria.

A

Viruses

31
Q

Virus can ………. in plant, animal as well as bacteria cells etc

A

replicate

32
Q

There are two different types of DNA virus……… And………

A

Single stranded and Double stranded

33
Q

There are two different types of DNA virus……… And………

A

Single stranded and Double stranded

34
Q

Examples of Single-stranded (ss) DNA virus are ..,……. and ………

A

Picornaviruses, Parvovirus

35
Q

Picornavirus and Parvovirus are examples of ………

A

Single stranded DNA Virus

36
Q

Picornavirus and Parvovirus are examples of ………

A

Single stranded DNA Virus

37
Q

Double-stranded (DS) DNA virus are: ………. and ……..

A

Adenovirus, Herpes virus

38
Q

…………. is the virus having RNA as its genetic material.

A

RNA virus

39
Q

…………. is the virus having RNA as its genetic material.

A

RNA virus

40
Q

The DNA virus, having DNA as its …………..

A

genetic material.

41
Q

Poliovirus, Hepatitis A, Rabies virus, Influenza virus are examples of ……….

A

single-stranded RNA virus.

42
Q

……………. is further classified into two Positive sense RNA
(+RNA) and negative sense RNA (-RNA).

A

Single stranded virus

43
Q
  1. CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE REPLICATION PROPERTIES AND SITE OF
    REPLICATION
    ……………………..
A

Here, viruses invade into the host cell, where it replicates and assembly within the cell organelles

44
Q

Examples of Viruses which undergo replication within the cytoplasm of the host cells are……………..

A

All RNA viruses except the Influenza virus.

45
Q

Examples of Viruses that undergo replication within the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the host cell.

A

Influenza virus, Poxvirus, etc.

46
Q

Examples of Viruses that unergo Replications through the double-stranded DNA intermediate are………….

A

All DNA viruses, Retrovirus and some tumour causing RNA virus.

47
Q

Examples of Viruses thatReplicate within the nucleus of the host cell are:……………..

A

All DNA viruses except Pox virus.

48
Q

Replication of the virus through a single-stranded RNA intermediate.
Examples are:

A

All RNA viruses except Reovirus and tumour-causing RNA viruses.

49
Q

…………………….. are
(A). Animal viruses
These viruses infect by invading the cells of animals, including humans. Prominent examples of animal viruses include the influenza virus, mumps virus, rabies virus, poliovirus, Herpes virus,
etc.
(B). Plant viruses
These viruses infect plants by invading the plant cells. Replication of plant viruses is obligate
and does not happen without a host. Well-known examples of plant virus include the potato
virus, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), beet yellow virus, and turnip yellow virus, cauliflower
mosaic virus, etc.

A

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE HOST RANGE

50
Q

…………….Airborne infections - This is the transmission of the virus through the air into the respiratory
tract. E.g. Swine flu, and Rhinovirus.
Fecal oral route -This is the transmission of the virus through the contaminated water or food.
E.g. Hepatitis A virus, Poliovirus, Rotavirus.
Sexually transmitted diseases- Transmission of the virus through sexual contacts with the
infected person. E.g. Retrovirus, human papillomavirus, etc.
Transfusion-transmitted infections- Transmission of the virus through blood transfusion. E.g. Hepatitis B virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, etc.
Zoonoses -Transmission of the virus through the biting of infected animals, birds, and insects to human. E.g. Rabies virus, Alpha virus, Flavivirus, Ebola virus( emerging zoonotic disease) etc

A

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE MODE OF TRANSMISSION

51
Q

TYPES OF VIRUS
Viruses are categorized into family and genus based on related features, such as ………… ,…………… and ………..

A

Sizes, shape and types of nucleic acid they have

52
Q

Some common types of viruses include:
Influenza viruses ( family of viruses includes ………… and ………

A

BIO102 (3 decks)

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