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Data Engineering > Virtualization and Cloud Computing > Flashcards

Virtualization and Cloud Computing Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of a cloud service

A 
1 - Off premise
2 - Scalable
3 - Flexible billing
4 - Multi-tenancy
5 - Universal access
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2
Q

Characteristics networking service

A 
1 - Load balancing
2 - Virtual firewalls
3 - Private WLANs
4 - Access control lists of IP addresses that can access the networking service
5 - Geographic load distribution
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3
Q

WLAN bandwidth is 10.000 times more expensive than LAN. What is the consequence of this?

A

Move the program to the data, not the data to the program

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4
Q

Networks are the economic bottleneck compared to processors. What is the consequence of this?

A

Remote cloud computing is good for processor intensive jobs

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5
Q

Networks are the economic bottleneck compared to processors. What is the consequence of this?

A

Remote cloud computing is good for processor intensive jobs

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6
Q

Why are clouds better than private data centers?

A

1 - on demand available

2 - large scale

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7
Q

What are barriers for cloud adoption?

A

1 - security
2 - compliance (will we be compliant with risk, security, and privacy laws?)
3 - interoperability (can the workload to taken from provider to provider? Not easily)
4 - Service level management (is the billing accurate? What happens for failures? Is the capacity sufficient?)

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8
Q

Name all different cloud deployment models

A 
1 - public clouds
2 - private clouds
3 - community clouds
4 - hybrid clouds 
5 - virtual private cloud
6 - multi cloud
7 - distributed cloud
8 - edge cloud
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9
Q

What is a public cloud?

A

Clouds which are offered by large companies for use by anyone. They are the least expensive and least secure.

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10
Q

What is a private cloud?

A

Clouds which are owned by a specific entity and used only by that entity. They are more expensive, but also more secure.

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11
Q

What is a community cloud?

A

Clouds shared by multiple organisations who share a common cause

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12
Q

What is a hybrid cloud?

A

Clouds consisting of two or more public or private clouds.

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13
Q

What is a virtual private cloud?

A

A private cloud within a public cloud.

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14
Q

What is a multi cloud?

A

When there are multiple cloud providers

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15
Q

What is a distributed cloud?

A

Clouds from combined machines in many different locations

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16
Q

What is an edge cloud?

A

Clouds on the carrier networks edge (such as cell towers)

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17
Q

What is fog computing?

A

When computing is done in the edges

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18
Q

Characteristics of fog computing

A 
It is location aware and location sensitive.
Geogrpahically distributed
Large scale
Mobile
Real-time
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19
Q

Name the cloud service models

A

1 - IaaS
2 - SaaS
3 - PaaS

20
Q

IaaS - Infrastructure as a Service

A

These provide virtual machines, storage, and network facilities that can be managed by the users

21
Q

PaaS - Platform as a service

A

Provide hardware, OS, and development and administrative tools

22
Q

SaaS - Software as a service

A

Provide complete applications with a user interface

23
Q

What do bridges do?

A

Connect private data center networks to the cloud

24
Q

What do brokers do?

A

Connect services between private data centers and clouds. They help you find the right subset of cloud providers for your needs, but they might also provide their own cloud services. They rent it from big corporations and re-rent it to their customers.

25
Q

What do gateways do?

A

They connect private storage to cloud storage, increasing the size of the storage pool. The cloud storage is used for overflow, backup, and disaster recovery.

26
Q

What does a CDMI (Cloud Data Management Interface) do?

A

Provides a standard interface to create, retrieve, update, and delete data elements from the cloud.

27
Q

Virtualisation

A

It means that applications can use a resource without any concern for where it resides, the technical interface, the platform, or how much of it is available

28
Q

Reasons to virtualise

A

1 - Sharing
2 - Isolation
3 - Aggregation
4 - Dynamics (fast allocation, mobility, and load balancing)
5 - Ease of management (easy distribution, deployment and testing)

29
Q

Three types of virtualisation

A

1 - Virtualisation in storage
2 - Virtualisation in computing
3 - Virtualisation in networking

30
Q

Virtualisation in storage

A

Virtual memory, virtual disks, or cloud storage

31
Q

Virtualisation in computing

A

virtual desktops / VMs

32
Q

Virtualisation in networking

A

Virtual channels or virtual private networks

33
Q

Hypervisor

A

Software to support multiple VMs

34
Q

Hypervisor type 1

A

Runs on the bare metal

35
Q

Hypervisor type 2

A

Requires a host OS

36
Q

Hypervisor type 0

A

Type 1 and type 2

37
Q

Why are containers better?

A

They are more efficient and more isolated.

38
Q

Cloud computing

A

Anything that involves delivering hosted services over the internet.

39
Q

Cloud

A

A distributed system consisting of interconnected and virtualised computers dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resource(s)

40
Q

Things that the cloud contains

A

1 - Big data

2 - Data intensive application

41
Q

What is a service?

A

The endpoint of a connection.

42
Q

What should a service be?

A

1 - well-defined
2 - self-contained
3 - independent of the context or state of other services

43
Q

What does a web service do?

A

It performs discrete units of work and is available all over the network. (APIs)

44
Q

Types of operations for web services

A

1 - One-way
2 - Request & Response
3 - Solicit response (a request for a response)
4 - Notification (messages which are sent to multiple receivers)

45
Q

What is a Service Oriented Architecture SOA?

A

A collection of services which communicate with each other. They are usually implemented by a web service model.

46
Q

What is quality of service?

A

A set of technologies for managing network traffic in a cost effective manner to enhance user experiences

Data Engineering (6 decks)

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