virology 1 Flashcards
tulip mosaic virus
striped pattern
how to maintain virus in host
balance. can’t always kill or get cleared completely
when new viruses enter human pop like ebola, sars, avian flu
balance is disrupted
viruses can be what forces
driving forces in host evolution, selective forces in pop, or provide direct/indirect advantages to host survival
2 examples of beneficial virus-host relationships
cotesia congregata wasp inject eggs & polydnavirus thru ovipositor into worm (manduca sexta) & interact w its hemocytes
key step in replication of retroviruses
integration of virus genome into host genome
HERV human endogenous retrovirus
8% human genome. footprints of ancient germline retroviral infections. help drive evolution of placental animals.
what was seen in placenta thru EM
retroviral like particles & antigens
retrovirus SIV have envelope spikes for
mediating fusion of virion memb w cell memb
synctiotrophoblast
multinucleated cells w 1 memb, invade uterine wall
trophoblast
mediate interaction bw fertilized embryo & uterine wall
HERV fxns
fuse trophoblast cell layer into multinucleate synctiotrophoblast & express envelope protein to mediate trophoblast cell fusion
virus biodiversity
more than plant, animal, bact combined
virus/host interactions are molecular negotiations of significance
need to know in order to defend against
viruses are what kind of parasites
obligate intracellular parasites
