Viral Replication

Question 1

Viral ds DNA

Answer 1

These viruses use host cellular machinery for everything.

Question 2

Viral ss DNA

Answer 2

Use cellular polymerase to make ds DNA and then proceed like ds DNA viruses.

Question 3

Viral ds RNA

Answer 3

Viral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (lacks in host) is required for RNA replication to make more mRNA.

Question 4

Viral ss RNA

Answer 4

-ssRNA: viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is needed to make mRNA (+sense RNA)

+ssRNA: can be immediately translated to protein; viral reverse transcriptase (RNA dependent DNA polymerase) is required to make more copies.

Question 5

Reverse Transcriptase

Answer 5

RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase (makes DNA from RNA)

• Lacks proofreading functions

Question 6

Retroviruses

Answer 6

• Has +ssRNA.
• Requires reverse transcription
• Has ds DNA intermediate that allows integration into host DNA for latent infection.

Example: HIV

Question 7

Hepadnavirus

Answer 7

• Has ds DNA
• Has ssRNA intermediate that needs reverse transcriptase to get back to its genomic DNA.

Example: Hepatitis B

Question 8

RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase

Answer 8

• Carries out RNA replication
• Viruses must come with it
• Lacks proofreading fuctions

Question 9

Segmented Viral Genomes

Answer 9

Increases variability via

1. Reassortment
2. Recombination

Question 10

Reassortment

Answer 10

Whole segment swapping when different viruses (same family) infect the same host cell.

Question 11

Recombination

Answer 11

Bits of one segment exchanged with another.

• 콤보 세트 사이드 바꾸기

Question 12

Eclipse Phase

Answer 12

When viruses bind and penetrate the cells with no virions detected in the medium.