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(OMS2) GI II Exam 2 > Viral Hepatitis Pharmacology > Flashcards

Viral Hepatitis Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is Entecavir indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HBV in adults and children at least 2 years old

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2
Q

What are the black box warnings for Entecavir?

A

1) Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B
2) Patients co-infected with hiv and hbv
3) Lactic acidosis
4) Hepatomegaly

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3
Q

What is Tenofovir Disoproxil indicated for?

A

1) Tx of chronic HBV in adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older
2) Tx of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients 2 yo and older

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4
Q

What are the black box warnings for Tenofovir Disoproxil?

A

1) Lactic acidosis
2) Severe hepatomegaly with steatosis
3) Post treatment exacerbation of hepatitis

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5
Q

What are some warnings and precautions associated with Tenofovir Disoproxil?

A

Acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome

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6
Q

What is Adefovir Dipivoxil indicated for?

A

Tx chronic HBV in patients 12 yo and up

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7
Q

What are some warnings and precautions associated with Adefovir Dipivoxil?

A

Nephrotoxicity

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8
Q

What adverse reaction is seen with Adefovir Dipivoxil in pre and post transplantation lamivudine-resistant liver disease patients?

A

Increased creatinine

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9
Q

Coadministration of Adefovir Dipivoxil with what other types of drugs may increase serum concentrations of adefovir or the coadministered drug?

A

Drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion

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10
Q

What is lamivudine indicated for?

A

Tx of HIV-1/HBV co-infection

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11
Q

What are the black box warnings for Lamivudine?

A

1) Lactic acidosis
2) Severe hepatomegaly
3) Exacerbations of hepatitis B

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12
Q

What are some warnings and precautions associated with Lamivudine?

A

1) HBV resistant variants

2) Pancreatitis

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13
Q

What is Telbivudine indicated for?

A

Tx chronic HBV in adults

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14
Q

What are the black box warnings for Telbivudine?

A

1) Lactic acidosis
2) Severe hepatomegaly with steatosis
3) Exacerbations of hepatitis B

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15
Q

What contraindication does Telbivudine have?

What does it increase the risk of?

A

1) Combination therapy with PEG interferon alfa-2a

2) Peripheral neuropathy

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16
Q

What is PEG interferon alfa-2a indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV and HBV

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17
Q

What are the black box warnings for PEG interferon alfa-2a?

A

Ribavirin associated effects

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18
Q

What is PEG interferon alfa-2a contraindicated for?

A

1) Autoimmune hepatitis
2) Patients with cirrhosis
3) Use in neonates/infant

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19
Q

What drug causes adverse effects such as headache, nausea, malaise and fatigue, nasal symptoms, diarrhea, and cough?

A

Lamivudine

20
Q

What drug causes adverse effects such as fatigue, increased creatine kinase, headache, cough, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea?

A

Telbivudine

21
Q

What drug causes adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, headache, nausea, malaise and fatigue, nasal symptoms, diarrhea, and cough?

A

Tenofovir Disoproxil

22
Q

What drug causes adverse effects such as “flu-like” symptoms, fever, headache, chills, myalgia, and fatigue?

A

PEG-Interferon Alfa-2a

23
Q

What drug causes common adverse reactions (≥3%, all severity grades) such as headache, fatigue, dizziness, and nausea?

A

Entecavir

24
Q

What drug causes adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity, asthenia and increased creatinine?

A

Adefovir Dipivoxil

25
Q

What is PEG-Interferon Alfa-2b indicated for?

A

Tx chronic HCV in patients 18yo or up with compensated liver disease

26
Q

What are the contraindications for PEG-Interferon Alfa-2b?

A

1) Autoimmune hepatitis

2) Decompensated liver disease

27
Q

What is Elbasvir/Grazoprevir indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV

28
Q

Of the Elbasvir/Grazoprevir combo, which is the NS5A inhibitor?

Whis is the NS3/4A protease inhibitor?

A

1) Elbasvir

2) Grazoprevir

29
Q

Co-administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir with what other drugs is not recommended as they may decrease their plasma concentration?

A

CYP3A inducers

30
Q

What is Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV in adults

31
Q

Of the Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir combo, which is the NS5B polymerase inhibitor?

Which is the NS5A inhibitor?

A

1) Sofosbuvir

2) Ledipasvir

32
Q

Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir is only recommended under what condition?

A

Combined with other drugs such as ribavirin and peginterferon-alfa

33
Q

Co-administration of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir with what other drugs is not recommended as they may decrease their plasma concentration?

A

CYP3A inducers such as rifampin and St. John’s wort

34
Q

What is Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV in adults without cirrhosis

35
Q

Of the Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir combo, which is NS5B polymerase inhibitor?

Which is the NS5A inhibitor?

A

1) Sofosbuvir

2) Velpatasvir

36
Q

What is Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir combined with?

A

Ribavirin

37
Q

What can Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir potentiate with amiodarone co-administration?

You should caution using this combo in patients receiving what drugs?

A

1) Bradycardia

2) Beta blockers

38
Q

Co-administration of Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir with what other drugs is not recommended as they may decrease their plasma concentration?

A

PGP inducers and/or potent CYP inducers

39
Q

What is Ribavirin indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV in patients 5yo and up and adult patients with HCV and HIV

40
Q

What black box warning does ribavirin have?

A

Birth defects and fetal death

41
Q

What contraindication does ribavirin have?

A

1) Pregnant women and men whose partner is pregnant

2) Hemoglobinopathies

42
Q

What is Boceprevir indicated for?

A

Tx of chronic HCV in adult patients with compensated liver disease

43
Q

Boceprevir is used when what treatments have failed?

A

Interferon and ribavirin therapy

44
Q

Boceprevir and Grazoprevir make up what class of drug?

A

NS3/4A protease inhibitors (-previr)

45
Q

Ledipasvir, Velpatasvir, and Elbasvir make up what class of drug?

A

NS5A inhibitors (-asvir)

46
Q

Sofosbuvir makes up what class of drug?

A

NS5B polymerase inhibitor (-buvir)

(OMS2) GI II Exam 2 (13 decks)

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