Viral classification Flashcards

1
Q

What are the seven families of double stranded DNA viruses?

A
  1. Poxviridae
  2. Asfaviridae
  3. Iridoviridae
  4. Herpesviridae
  5. Adenoviridae
  6. Papillomaviridae
  7. Polyomaviridae
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2
Q

What are the two families of single stranded DNA viruses?

A
  1. Parvoviridae
  2. Circoviridae
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3
Q

What DS DNA viral family is complex-shaped (no symmetry), enveloped, and has linear DNA? Where do these replicate?

A

Poxviridae

Replicate in cytoplasm (“viroplasm”) and are released by budding

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4
Q

What are the two subfamilies of poxviridae? To which do vaccina virus (human/animal) and Orf virus (sheep/goats) belong?

A
  1. Chodropoxvirinae
    • Vaccina and Orf virus belong to this subfamily
  2. Entomopoxvirinae
    • infect insects
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5
Q

What virus family has members with DS linear DNA and an enveloped spherical structure with icosohedral symmetry?

What is the only genus within this family and what disease is the family named after?

Where does it replicate?

A

Family: Asfaviridae
Genus: Asfavirus
African Swine Fever virus (pigs)

Replication in cytoplasm and nucleus

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6
Q

What viral family, named after iridescence, has members with linear DS DNA, icosahedral symmetry and an envelope?

A

Iridoviridae

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7
Q

What are the three genera in the family Iridoviridae?

A
  1. Ranavirus (frogs)
  2. Lymphocystivirus
  3. Goldfish virus 1
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8
Q

What order contains three families, has DS, linear DNA, is enveloped, and has an icosahedrally symmetry nucleocapsid surrounded by tegument?

A

Herpesvirales

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9
Q

What are the three viral families in order Herpesvirales and what organisms does each family infect?

A
  1. Herpesviridae
    • Herpesviruses of mammals, birds, and reptiles
  2. Alloherpesviridae
    • Herpesviruses of fish and frogs
  3. Malacoherpesviridae
    • Herpesviruses of oysters and Abalonies
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10
Q

What viral family has linear, DS DNA, is non-enveloped, and has icosahedral symmetry? What diseases is it responsible and what animals do they infect?

A

Adenoviridae

Human, equine & canine, avian, ovine, frog adenovirus

(Chicken) egg drop syndrome

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11
Q

What two families share the properties of having circular DS DNA, icosahedral symmetry, and being non-enveloped?

What common STD is in one of these families?

A

Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae

HPV - human papillomavirus

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12
Q

What viral family has members with linear negative or negative/positive sense SS DNA, that are non-enveloped, have icosahedral symmetry, and replicate in nucleus of cells in S phase of cell cycle?

A

Parvoviridae

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13
Q

What are the two subfamilies within family Parvoviridae and which infects mammalian hosts?

A
  1. Parvovirinae
    • infects mammals, e.g. Feline & canine parvovirus
  2. Densovirinae
    • no mammalian hosts, mainly insects
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14
Q

Which group of parvoviruses need co-infection with the other viruses like Adenoviruses for their replication?

A

Adeno-associate viruses (AAV)

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15
Q

What viral family has members with circular negative or negative/positive sense SS DNA, that are non-enveloped, have icosahedral symmetry, replicate in nucleus of cells in S phase of cell cycle, and are the smallest of all viruses?

A

Circoviridae

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16
Q

What are two genera within the family Circoviridae and what are some diseases they cause?

A
  1. Circovirus
    • Porcine circovirus 1
  2. Gyrovirus
    • Chicken anemia virus
17
Q

What are the two families of reverse transcribing viruses?

A
  1. Hepadnaviridae
  2. Retroviridae
18
Q

What viral family has members with enveloped virions, icosahedral symmetry, Circular DNA, partially double stranded and single stranded, where the virus encodes reverse transcriptase (RT) for conversion of RNA to DNA?

What diseases do these cause?

A

Hepadnaviridae

e.g. hepatitis B virus (human), duck hepatitis B virus

19
Q

What viral family has members with enveloped virions, icosahedral nucleocapsid symmetry, diploid, positive sense, linear, ssRNA, contain reverse transcriptase (RT), and bud from the plasma membrane?

A

Retroviridae

20
Q

Retroviruses are the common causes of which (four) types of infections and disorders in human and animals?

A
  1. Cancers
  2. Slow infections
  3. Immunologic disorders
  4. Neurodegenerative conditions
21
Q

What are the most common kinds of cancers caused by retroviruses?

A
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)
  • The most common retroviral tumors in animals are:
  • Bovine leukemia virus
  • Avian leukosis
  • Koala retrovirus
22
Q

What are two common slow viral conditions caused by retroviruses?

A

– Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

– Equine infectious anemia

23
Q

What are two neurodegenerative conditions caused by retroviruses?

A
  • HTLV-1 causes myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP).
  • Visna-Maedi virus causes encephalitis and chronic pneumonitis in sheep
24
Q

What are the two families of dsRNA viruses?

A
  • Reoviridae
  • Birnaviridae
25
Q

What are the 14 families of ssRNA viruses?

A
  • Paramyxoviridae
  • Rhabdoviridae
  • Filoviridae
  • Bornaviridae
  • Orthomyxoviridae
  • Bunyaviridae
  • Arenaviridae
  • Coronaviridae
  • Arteriviridae
  • Picornaviridae
  • Caliciviridae
  • Asteroviridae
  • Togaviridae
  • Flaviviridae