Violent Asphyxia Flashcards
Mention types of anoxia
Anoxic, anaemic, stagnant, histotoxic
Mention causes of anoxic anoxia
- Ambient
- RC depression
- RM paralysis
- Mechanical (violent asphyxia)
- Obstruction to blood stream to the lungs
Mention causes of anaemic anoxia
- Chemically combined Hb: CO, methHb
- Hemolysis: naphthalene, arsine gas, viper venom, favism, incompatible BT
- Hemorrhage
Classic signs of violent asphyxia
- Cyansosis
- Petechial hemorrahges
- Deep blue hypostasis
Mention facial signs of hanging
- The face is pale (in complete) or congested (in incomplete)
- Petechial hemorrhages
- The tongue is protruding
- Dribbling of saliva at the angle of the mouth (antemortem sign)
- The head is tilted opposite side of suspension
Mention neck signs in hanging
The ligature mark has pale yellow base of abrasions with contused hyperemic edges taking shape of suspending article, high up in the neck above the thyroid cartilage
*In case of fixed knot, it is high up in the neck above thethyroid cartilage running obliquely and not continuous going upwards towrds the point of suspension where it is absent at the site of knot.
*In case of slipknot, mark surround the neck the deep impression of the loop tends to be found over the smallest circumference so it lower and more horizontal
List mechanisms of death in hanging
Cerebral ischemia (most imp), anoxic anoxia, reflex cardiac inhibition, spinal cord disruption.
List mechanisms of death in ligature and manual strangulation
A. Ligature: anoxic anxoia, refex cardiac inhibition, cerebral ischemia, delayed edema of the glottis
B. Manual: reflex cardiac inhibition, anoxic anoxia, delayed edema of glottis
List mechanisms of death in drwoning
A. True drowning: anoxic anoxia and electrolyte imbalance
B. False drowning: death before body enters water, head trauma, refex vagal stimulation due to sdden rush of cold water into nasal passages or sudden immersion in cold water, dry drowning, delayed bronchopneumonia
Mention and categorize signs of drwoning
A. Signs relatedto anoxic anoxia: cyanosis, deep blue hypostasis.
B. Signs related to drowning process: froth and cadaveric spasm
C. Signs related to the presence of body in water: wetness, cutis anserine, washerwoman’s skin, postmortem injuries, affection of postmortem changes due to presence of body in water (cooling, hypostasis in head, neck and shoulders, adipocere, putrefaction.
