Vineyards and Viticulture

Question 1

Stone walls separating plots

Answer 1

murgers

Question 2

Bourgogne’s largest district for area under vine and production

Answer 2

Mâconnais

Question 3

7 grand cru monopoles and their villages

Answer 3

1) La Moutone (Chabis)
2) Clos de Tart (Morey-Saint-Denis)
3) Les Petits Musigny (Chambolle-Musigny)
4) Romanée-Conti (Vosne-Romanée)
5) La Tâche (Vosne-Romanée)
6) La Romanée (Vosne-Romanée)
7) La Grande Rue (Vosne-Romanée)

Question 4

5 premier cru monopoles and their villages

Answer 4

1) Clos des Monts Luisants (Morey-Saint-Denis)
2) La Vigne Blanche (Vougeot)
3) Clos du Val (Auxey-Duresses)
4) Clos des Perrières (Meursault)
5) Clos des 60 Ouvrées (Volnay)

Question 5

Bourgogne’s largest monopole

Answer 5

Clos Marey-Monge in Pommard

Question 6

6 natural factors affecting quality in the vineyard

Answer 6

1) elavation - its affect on temperature
2) shelter - trees to block the north wind and break up frost
3) orientation - east and southeast-facing
4) soil - limestone and clay
5) gradient - up to 20%
6) drainage - limestone

Question 7

6 viticultural choices

Answer 7

1) farming system - lutte raisonée, organic, biodynamic (Domaine Romanée-Conti and Domaine LeRoy)
2) variety/clone/rootstock (massal vs clonal)
3) vineyard layout - 10-12k vines/ha, 1 meter apart
4) training and pruning - Guyot (Côte d’Or), Cordon de Royat (Chablis)
5) cover crops - for erosion, deep roots, controlling vigor
6) harvest timing - sugar, phenolic and stem ripeness

Question 8

French name for piles of stones pulled from the ground

Answer 8

murgers

Question 9

4 impacts of the higher elevation in the Hautes Côtes

Answer 9

1) cooler
2) later harvest
3) fresher wines
4) southerly exposures preferred

Question 10

Northern Beaujolais’ dominant training system

Answer 10

Gobelet

Question 11

Chablis’ dominant training system

Answer 11

double Guyot

Question 12

Côte d’Or’s dominant training system

Answer 12

Guyot simple

Question 13

Training system used mostly in parts of Côte de Beaune

Answer 13

Cordon de Royat

Question 14

Training system used in the Mâconnais with 2 shoots curved in an arc

Answer 14

taille à queue or “tail”

Question 15

2 AOCs permitted to use high training

Answer 15

Haut Côte de Nuits
Haut Côte de Beaune

Question 16

4 advantages of Cordon de Royat

Answer 16

1) spreads clusters along cordon
2) more even ripeness
3) less vine vigor
4) better air flow and healthier grapes

Question 17

4 consideration when selecting rootstock

Answer 17

1) compatibility with the scion
2) vigor balance with the scion
3) affinity with the soil
4) affinity with the mesoclimate

Question 18

The most common rootstock in Côte d’Or

Answer 18

161/49C

Question 19

The most common rootstock in Chablis

Answer 19

41B

Question 20

Which rootstock is lime-tolerant and a Riparia crossing?

Answer 20

420A

Question 21

Which rootstock is selected for early ripening, but is sensitive to active limestone?

Answer 21

Riparia Gloire

Question 22

Which rootstock is selected for high vigor, but its use is in decline?

Answer 22

SO4

Question 23

Which rootstock is well-suited for Chardonnay?

Answer 23

101-14MG

Question 24

Which rootstock is selected for non-limey soils?

Answer 24

3309c

Question 25

3 most common rootstock species

Answer 25

1) V. riparia 2) V. rupestris 3) V. berlandier

Question 26

3 advantages of machine harvesting

Answer 26

1) quicker, allowing optimum maturity 2) 30% less cost 3) don't need pickers

Question 27

4 advantages of hand-harvesting

Answer 27

1) allows more sorting 2) less breaking of the skins 3) less trauma on the vines 4) less MOG (material other than grapes)

Question 28

French word for budbreak

Answer 28

débourrement

Question 29

The training system used before phylloxera

Answer 29

Marcottage (en foule)

Question 30

French word for winter preparatory pruning

Answer 30

démontage

Question 31

4 Nov/Dec vineyard activities

Answer 31

1) pre-pruning 2) démontage - preparatory pruning 3) sarmentage - burning and shredding of shoots 4) earthing up and hilling up

Question 32

1 Jan/Feb vineyard activity

Answer 32

pruning - after the Feast of Saint Vincent, Jan 22

Question 33

3 March vineyard activities

Answer 33

1) fertilizing - nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium 2) final pruning 3) grafting

Question 34

4 April vineyard activities

Answer 34

1) plowing 2) tie down canes 3) planting 4) weeding

Question 35

3 May vineyard activities

Answer 35

1) treatments for insects and fungi 2) debudding 3) tying up straggling shoots

Question 36

4 June vineyard activities

Answer 36

1) tying down fruiting canes to trellises 2) leaf thinning 3) sulfur application for oidium 4) manuring

Question 37

2 July vineyard activities

Answer 37

1) topping - trimming shoot ends 2) green harvesting

Question 38

3 Oct vineyard activities

Answer 38

1) rip out vines 2) trench plowing 3) devitalization - kill vines destined to be ripped out

Question 39

In what month do vignerons go on vacation?

Answer 39

August

Question 40

3 considerations for harvest timing

Answer 40

1) sugar level 2) taste and appearance of grapes 3) polyphenol level

Question 41

What percentage of France's vineyards are in Bourgogne?

Answer 41

4%

Question 42

Predominant harvesting method in the Côte d'Or

Answer 42

Hand-harvesting

Question 43

4 biodynamic producers

Answer 43

1) Domaine des Comtes Lafon 2) Domaine Leflaive 3) Domaine Leroy 4) Domaine de la Romanée-Conti