Vine and growth cycle Flashcards
American vines are globally used for
Rootstocks - but also has a use for winemaking some places (New York for example)
Most common species of American vines
Vitis Labrusca, Vitis Riparia, Vitis berlandieri, Vitis Rupestris
Four sections of a vines anatomy
Shoots, one year old wood, permanent wood and roots
Name for buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflourecense
Canopy
What does shoots grow from?
Buds retained the previous year
Solutes are
Substances that dissolves in to water - is f.x. sugars and minerals transported on the main axis of a shoot
A cane is
a shoot that has lignified - the leaves has fallen off
What are buds?
They form between the leaf stalks and stem on a shoot. They contain all the elements in miniature, that will be the green parts of a vine
What are compound buds?
also called latent buds - they form in one growing season and open in the next. They produce the shoots in the next growing season
What are lateral buds?
They form and break in the same growing season. They produce lateral shoots
Primary function of a lateral shoot
To let the plant keep growing if the tip of the primary shoot is damaged or eaten
What is photosynthesis
the process in which plants use sunlight to create sugar from carbon dioxide and water
Why would you remove lateral shoots during summer pruning?
If the shoots are near the stem or cane of the shoot, they can prevent optimal airflow and shade the fruit too much
What is “Second crop”
The grape bunches produced on lateral shoots. These will ripen later than on the primary shoots and if harvested at the same time can have more acidity, less sugar and unripe flavours (Pinot noir often produce a second crop)
What is green havesting?
The removal of the second crop on the vine. If you harvest by hand you can select ripe grapes - if you harvest by machine, you can’t and the unripe grapes may effect the must
Tendrils are
Green parts of the vine shoots, that help the shoots support themselves against trees og trellisis. Wine growers will often tie the vine shoot to the trellis
What is the function of the vines?
Mainly to do photosynthesis - which produces sugar that’s used for metabolism and wine growth
Stomata is
pores on the underside of the leaves - they open to diffuse out water and let carbon dioxide enter for photosynthesis.
Transpiration is
When stomata diffuses out water, water and nutrients are transported from the soil through the roots to the vine and leaves
If the vine is water stressed Stomata may
Partially close which can help to conserve water but also limit photosynthesis because the amount of carbon dioxide that enters is lower
How many inflourecenses are normally on a shoot?
About two to three, but this can vary from grape variet to grape variety
What is a bunch of grape son the vine
A fertilized inflorescence. Not all the flowers become grapes and the form of bunches can vary greatly - Pinot Noir has tight bunches more prone to fungal diseases, because of lack of airflow and the risk of skin splitting during growing season
Three main components of a grape is
Pulp, Skin and Seeds
The pulp is
The majority of the grape both in weight and volume. it consits of water, sugar, acid, aroma compounds and aroma precursors.
Almost all pulp is colurless except teinturier-varieties, which have red colored pulp - f.x Alicante Bouchet
